Evaluation of a purge-and-trap injection system for capillary gas chromatography-microwave induced plasma-atomic emission spectrometry for the determination of volatile selenium compounds in water

A method is presented for the selective determination of the volatile selenium species dimethylselenide and dimethyldiselenide, using a commercially available purge-and-trap injection system coupled to capillary gas chromatography-microwave induced plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. The efficiency of the purging step was evaluated and the parameters affecting the purge and trap processes were optimized. The method was applied to the determination of volatile selenium compounds in lake water. Relative detection limits of 2ng/l for dimethylselenide and dimethyldiselenide, corresponding to an absolute detection limit of 10 pg, were achieved.     

Stability inL 1 of some integral operators

A class of Markov operators appearing in biomathematics is investigated. It is proved that these operators are asymptotic stable inL ¹, i.e. lim _n P ⁿ f=0 forfL ¹ and f(x) dx=0.     

Monitoring of the metal displacement from the recombinant mouse liver metallothionein Zn(7)-complex by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrospray MS detection

A solution of a Zn-complex of recombinant mouse MT-1 isoform (Zn(7)-MT-1) was prepared and titrated with Cd(2+) ions. A method based on the coupling of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with electrospray MS detection was developed for the analysis of the stoichiometry of the species formed during the titration. The method offered the possibility of the on-line removal of up to 100 mM Tris or phosphate buffer solutions that would otherwise suppress the electrospray signal. By allowing the determination of the metal stoichiometry of the complex species present in solution the method was shown to be complementary to circular dichroism and UV-VIS spectrophotometry conventionally used for similar studies. The titration of the Zn(7)-MT complex with Cd(II) showed the sequential displacement of the Zn by Cd. The unusually high stability of the Cd(6)Zn(1)-MT species was observed which suggests a structural role of the remaining Zn(II) ion.     

Potentiometrische Bestimmung von Seltenen Erden (z. B. Erbium)

Zusammenfassung Eine schnelle und zuverlässige, potentiometrische Titrationsmethode zur Bestimmung von Erbium mit Ammoniumoxalatlösung in wäßrig-acetonischem Medium im Verhältnis 11 wurde ausgearbeitet. Man titriert in dem System Pt | ErCl₃ | Hg₂Cl₂ + KCl | Hg. Der Potentialsprung im Äquivalenzsättigungspunkt ist bereits auf Zugabe eines Tropfens Reagenslösung sehr deutlich. Der Meßfehler überschreitet nicht die Grenzen ±0,5%.Die Methode ist bei Metallionen, die mit Ammoniumoxalat schwerlösliche Niederschläge bilden, nicht anwendbar.

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Summary A rapid and accurate method for the potentiometric titration of erbium by means of ammonium oxalate solution in a water-acetone medium (11) has been worked out. The system Pt | ErCl₃ | Hg₂Cl₂ + KCl | Hg was used. The potential jump at the neutral point is distinct, even if only one drop of the reagent is added. The error of the measurement is not greater than ±0,5%- Metal ions forming insoluble precipitates with ammonium oxalate interfere with this method.

     

Distortion Properties of Holomorphic Functions of Several Complex Variables

Let Q(D) be a class of functions q, q(0) = 0, |q(z)| < 1 holomorphic in the Reinhardt domain D ? C ⁿ, a and b — arbitrary fixed numbers satisfying the condition — 1 ≤ b < a ≤ 1. ??(a, b; D) — the class of functions p such that p ? ??(a, b; D) iff for some q ? Q(D) and every z ? D. S*(a, b; D) — the class of functions f such that f ? S*(a, g; D) iff S^c(a, b; D) — the class of functions q such that q ? S^c(a, b; D) iff , where p ε ??(a, b; D) and K is an operator of the form for z=z₁,z₂,…z_n. The author obtains sharp bounds on |p(z)|, f(z)| g(z)| as well as sharp coefficient inequalities for functions in ??(a, b; D), S*(a, b; D) and S^c(a, b; D).     

New type of thermoplastic multiblock elastomers––poly(ester-block-amide)s––based on oligoamide 12 and oligoester prepared from dimerized fatty acid

Multiblock poly(ester-block-amide)s (PEA) elastomers comprising hard blocks of oligoamide and oligoester soft segments were prepared and their structure-property relations were analysed. The polycondensation reaction of oligoesters (prepared from 1,4-butanediol and dimerized fatty acid) with oligolaurolactam (PA12) gave copolymer series with variable blocks content (the soft segments content was varied from 24 to 60 wt.%). PEAs are the phase system composed of crystallised sequences of oligoamide (hard segment phase) as well as oligoesters (soft segment phase). Mixing between the hard and soft phases was studied by thermal and mechanical measurements (DSC, DMTA). These results have indicated on a multiphase structure of investigated materials. The relationship between the observed thermal and tensile properties and the soft/hard segments content indicated on an increase of the phase separation with soft segments content.     

Interferences in ultratrace speciation of organolead and organotin by gas chromatography with atomic spectrometric detection

Interferences in trace and ultratrace speciation analysis of organotin and organolead compounds in various samples by gas chromatography coupled with atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and/or microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MIP AES) are investigated. Particular attention is given to the effects of matrix co-extractives and reagents impurities introduced during sample preparation. Their influence on the detection limits is discussed in terms of baseline noise level, blank value, formation of artefacts and signal suppression. Loss of column resolution during the analysis of some matrices is observed.     

Quantum phase correlations in nonlinear optical processes

A review of recent results obtained with application of the Hermitian phase formalism of Pegg and Barnett is given. Various states of the field obtained in nonlinear optical processes are discussed from the point of view of their phase properties.Presented at the International Workshop on Squeezed and Correlated States in Quantum Optics, Moscow, December 3–7, 1990.