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1.
Nitin P. Lobo K.V. Ramanathan T. Narasimhaswamy 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2020,58(11):988-1009
In this review, methods to obtain the orientational order of topologically variant molecular mesogens using by one- and two-dimensional (2D) solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are described. Besides 13C chemical shifts, the 13C─1H dipolar couplings measured from 2D-separated local field (SLF) technique are used for computing the order parameters of a variety of mesogens. The investigated molecules are composed of a variable number of rings in the core, that is, core ranging from simply one ring to five rings. Among the mesogens investigated, a special focus has been placed on mesogens with thiophene rings, which are gaining popularity as liquid crystalline organic semiconductors. The replacement of a phenyl ring by thiophene in the core has a dramatic influence on molecular topology, as observed from the measured order parameters. The review highlights the advantages of the 2D SLF method for understanding the local dynamics and for mapping the topology of mesogens through the measured order parameters. SLF NMR studies of as many as 24 molecular mesogens that vary in terms of the molecular structure as well as topology are covered in the review. Order parameters of the rings have been estimated from the 13C─1H dipolar couplings in the nematic, smectic A, smectic C, and tilted hexatic phases as well as in B1 and B2 mesophases of various mesogens. It is anticipated that, in the years to come, the 2D SLF method would provide advanced molecular information on structurally complex mesogens that are emerging in liquid crystal science through the incessant efforts of synthetic chemists. The mini review covers the orientational order of topologically variant molecular mesogens determined by 1D and 2D solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy. Accordingly, rod-like, bent-core, and thiophene mesogens were subjected to 2D SLF measurements to get the order parameters from which the topology was established. The replacement of phenyl ring by thiophene and its influence on order parameters as well as on molecular topology is also discussed. 相似文献
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Srinivasan G. 《物理学报》2006,55(5):2548-2552
讨论了Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 (NZFO)与锆钛酸铅(PZT)的双层膜结构样品的磁电(ME)效应.NZFO粉料由溶胶-凝胶法制成,再经900℃热压,并高温烧结.在该双层膜中测量到了很强的磁电相互作用.发现横向的磁电效应比纵向效应大一个数量级,并且随NZFO烧结温度的提高而增加.当烧结温度从950℃上升到1380℃时,横向ME电压系数(αE)的最大值变化范围为25.6 mV Am-2≤αE≤199.6 mV Am-2.理论分析显示NZFO-PZT双层膜样品中ME效应源于NZFO与PZT之间相对良好的磁电耦合.
关键词:
镍铁氧体
PZT
热压法
ME效应 相似文献
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N. Srinivasan R.C. Johnson N. Kasthurikrishnan P. Wong R.G. Cooks 《Analytica chimica acta》1997,350(3):128-271
An overview of membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) is presented and comparisons are made with other direct sample introduction techniques. Special attention is given to the unique advantages and the limitations of newer variants on the MIMS technique, including affinity MIMS, reverse-phase and trap MIMS. The salient features of the interfaces used in MIMS are summarized and the various membrane materials commonly used are delineated. The applicability of MIMS is illustrated via discussion of
- 1. (i) bioreactor monitoring (represented by yeast fermentation),
- 2. (ii) environmental monitoring (illustrated by analysis of contaminated ground water samples) and
- 3. (iii) on-line chemical reaction monitoring (exemplified by the photolysis of aryl esters).
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T. Ramanathan S. Stankovich D. A. Dikin H. Liu H. Shen S. T. Nguyen L. C. Brinson 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2007,45(15):2097-2112
Mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of graphite/PMMA composites have been evaluated as functions of particle size and dispersion of the graphitic nanofiller components via the use of three different graphitic nanofillers: “as received graphite” (ARG), “expanded graphite,” (EG) and “graphite nanoplatelets” (GNPs) EG, a graphitic materials with much lower density than ARG, was prepared from ARG flakes via an acid intercalation and thermal expansion. Subsequent sonication of EG in a liquid yielded GNPs as thin stacks of graphitic platelets with thicknesses of ~10 nm. Solution‐based processing was used to prepare PMMA composites with these three fillers. Dynamic mechanical analysis, thermal analysis, and electrical impedance measurements were carried out on the resulting composites, demonstrating that reduced particle size, high surface area, and increased surface roughness can significantly alter the graphite/polymer interface and enhance the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of the polymer matrix. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 2097–2112, 2007 相似文献
9.
R. Srinivasan 《Pramana》2006,66(1):3-30
Rotating dilute Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of alkali atoms offer a testing ground for theories of vortices in weakly
interacting superfluids. In a rotating super-fluid, quantised vortices, with a vorticity h/m, form above a critical velocity.
Such vortices have been generated in BEC of alkali atoms by different techniques such as (a) wave function engineering of
a two-component BEC, (b) decay of solitons, (c) rotation of a thermal cloud before cooling it below the condensation temperature,
(d) stirring with an ‘optical’ spoon, (e) rotating a deformation in the anisotropic trap in which the condensate is trapped
and (f) by creating Berry phase by adiabatically reversing the axial magnetic field. Since the core of a vortex is a fraction
of a micrometer in diameter, it cannot be directly imaged optically. The condensate with vortices is allowed to ballistically
expand till the size increases by one order before the vortices are imaged. Surface wave spectroscopy and the change in aspect
ratio of a rotating cloud are the other techniques used. Studies have been made on the creation and dynamics of single vortex
and on systems with more than a hundred vortices. Results have been obtained on vortex nucleation, stability of vortex structures,
nature of the vortex lattice and defects in such a lattice. Important results are: (a) evidence exists that vortex nucleation
takes place by a surface mode instability; but this is not the only mechanism; (b) the vortex lattice is perfectly triangular
right up to the edge; (c) in the initial stages of rotation of the cloud a tangled web of vortices is seen; it takes a few
hundred milliseconds before the vortices arrange themselves in a lattice; this time appears to be independent of temperature;
(d) the decay of vortices appears to arise from the transfer of energy to the rotating thermal component and is dependent
on temperature; (e) defects in the lattices such as dislocations and grain boundaries are seen; (f) transverse oscillations
(Tkachenko modes) of the vortex lattice have been observed; and (g) giant vortices have been produced. These will be discussed. 相似文献
10.
Bikshandarkoil R. Srinivasan 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》2004,116(5):251-259
The complexes [MoX4]2− (M = Mo; X = O or S) exist as the monomeric tetrahedral species in aqueous alkaline solutions. Acidification of tetraoxomolybdate
results in the condensation of the tetrahedral units via a series of polyoxomolybdates leading to the ultimate formation of
the trioxide MoO3. Heptamolybdate [Mo7O24]6− is the first major polyanion of the acidification reaction. In contrast, acidification of tetrathiomolybdates leads to the
formation of amorphous molybdenum trisulphide via a dinuclear Mo(V) complex. The formation of the dinuclear Mo(V) complex
precludes the formation of any higher nuclearity Mo(VI)-S complexes in aqueous solution. Thus it is shown that the all-sulphur
analogue of heptamolybdate [M07S24]6− does not exist in alkaline medium and also cannot be isolated from aqueous acidic medium 相似文献