The colloid-structure of semicrystalline low-density polyethylene

The length-distribution of stereoregular sequences in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is determined by a computer-aided analysis of cp-melting curves within the framework of thermodynamics of eutectoid copolymers. Small-angle x-ray scattering patterns are then described by using the structure data derived. One of the results is that fluctuations of the mean electron-density are increasingly reduced with an increasing degree of crystallinity.Dedicated to Prof. Dr. W. Pechhold on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

Chemical solution-deposited PbZr 0.53 Ti 0.47 O3 on La 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co O3. SIMS investigation of the effect of different precursor additives on the layer structure

Chemical solution-deposited thin films of PbZr(0.53)Ti(0.47)O(3)/La(0.5)Sr(0.5)CoO(3) on Pt/TiO(2)/SiO(2)/Si substrates have been investigated by dynamic SIMS. The PbZr(0.53)Ti(0.47)O(3) (PZT) is intended to serve as a ferroelectric layer for microelectronic or microelectromechanical applications; conducting La(0.5)Sr(0.5)CoO(3) (LSCO) is a buffer layer intended to eliminate fatigue effects which usually occur at the Pt/PZT interface. Depth profiles of the main components were obtained and revealed that significant diffusion occurred during the deposition and crystallisation processes. Two types of sample, with different thickness of PZT and different types of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) added to the LSCO precursor, were investigated.     

An experimental high-performance photodensitometer for quantitative chromatography. I. Design and construction.

A new and experimental photodensitometer designed for quantitative chromatography is described. The principal features of the instrument were based upon the results of an extensive theoretical analysis and incorporate a mechanical arrangement for the production fo a flying spot and an optical path in which two beams of light are separated after interaction with the medium. The device is constructed so as to be suitable for operation in the three principal modes; in reflectance measurements only the ratio of the beam signals is formed, whilst in transmittance measurements the ratio is converted to logarithmic form, in the fluorescence mode only a single beam is used. The spectral range of the instrument extends from the red end of the visible spectrum to the medium ultraviolet, and quartz optics are utilized in most of the optic elements. A quartz halogen lamp and a xenon-mercury lamp may be used alternatively as the light source. Changeable interference filters are employed to determine the spectral position of the light beams and semiconductor photo-diodes with sensitivities extending into the ultraviolet are used as photo-detectors. In the determination of the sensitivity limits of the device the photo-diodes were replaced by photomultipliers and the apparatus was shown to fulfil most of the calculated thoeretical predictions.     

Translational energy disposal in molecular collisions: The transfer of momentum constraint

A Franck—Condon type argument, which requires the least transfer of momenta to the nuclei during a collision is outlined and applied to the analysis of translational energy disposal and its dependence on the initial translational energy. Using the maximal entropy procedure of information theory we are able to proceed directly from the assumed (model) constraint to the product state distribution.     

Beitrag zur Trennung des Urans von Thorium mittels Ionenaustausches und zur fluorimetrischen Uranbestimmung

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Uran-Thoriumtrennung mittels des stark basischen Anionenaustauschers Amberlite IRA 400 beschrieben. Uran(VI) läßt sich von Thorium und einer Reihe anderer Kationen dadurch trennen, daß es mit 6,5n Salzsäure einen negativ geladenen Komplex bildet, der am Austauscherharz sorbiert wird, während Thorium keinen Komplex bildet und daher nicht sorbiert wird. Uran wird mit 1 n Salzsäure eluiert.Zur Bestimmung des Urans wird eine genaue und empfindliche fluorimetrische Bestimmung angewendet, die durch Einfachheit und Billigkeit der dazu verwendeten Apparate gekennzeichnet ist.Das Verhalten anderer Kationen unter den Bedingungen der Trennung wurde qualitativ studiert und die Möglichkeit der Trennung des Urans und Thoriums von den erwähnten Kationen diskutiert.Herrn Prof. Dr. L. Schmid, Wien, zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet.Für die Gewährung eines Stipendiums zur Ausführung der vorliegenden Arbeit an eine von uns (M. P.), sei der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Mikrochemie der beste Dank ausgesprochen.Herrn Prof. Dr. F. Hecht, der diese Arbeit ermöglichte, sei für seine stete Hilfe herzlich gedankt.     

Characteristic energy loss structure of solids from x-ray photoemission spectra

Energy loss peaks in x-ray photoemission spectra of nine metals are presented. No strong evidence for intrinsic plasmon structure was observed. Spectra from the free electron-like metals, Al, Li, and Na under ultra-high vacuum (10^?11 torr) conditions show intense bulk plasmons and surface plasmons. Systematic variations in the characteristic energy losses are reported for the series Ag to Te. In addition to losses that may be attributed to plasma oscillations of the 5s5p bands, with N = 1 and 2 electrons, respectively, both Ag and Cd show additional high-energy losses that may arise through 4d-shell participation, with N = 11 and 12.     

Efficient 1645-nm Er:YAG laser

We report a resonantly fiber-laser-pumped Er:YAG laser operating at the eye-safe wavelength of 1645 nm, exhibiting 43% optical efficiency and 54% incident slope efficiency and emitting 7-W average power when repetitively Q switched at 10 kHz. To our knowledge, this is the best performance (conversion efficiency and average power) obtained from a bulk solid-state Q-switched erbium laser. At a 1.1-kHz pulse repetition frequency the laser produces 3.4-mJ pulses with a corresponding peak power of 162 kW. Frequency doubling to produce 822.5-nm, 4.7-kW pulses at 10 kHz was performed to demonstrate the laser's utility.     

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Ohne Zusammenfassung