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排序方式: 共有1817条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Albrecht H Binder U Harder G Lembke-Koppitz I Philipp A Schmidt-Parzefall W Schröder H Schulz HD Wurth R Donker JP Drescher A Matthiesen U Scheck H Spaan B Spengler J Wegener aD Gabriel JC Schubert KR Stiewe J Waldi R Weseler S Brown NN Edwards KW Frisken WR Fukunaga C Gilkinson DJ Gingrich DM Goddard M Kapitza H Kim PC Kutschke R MacFarlane DB McKenna JA McLean KW Nilsson AW Orr RS Padley P Patel PM Prentice JD Seywerd HC Stacey BJ Yoon T Yun JC Ammar R Coppage D Davis R Kanekal S Kwak N 《Physical review letters》1986,56(6):549-552
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Philipp Reineck Leevan Fremiot Trindade Jan Havlik Jan Stursa Ashleigh Heffernan Aaron Elbourne Antony Orth Marco Capelli Petr Cigler David A. Simpson Brant C. Gibson 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2019,36(3)
Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are vital to many emerging nanotechnological applications, from bioimaging and sensing to quantum nanophotonics. Yet, understanding and engineering the properties of fluorescent defects in nanodiamonds remain challenging. The most comprehensive study to date is presented, of the optical and physical properties of five different nanodiamond samples, in which fluorescent nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers are created using different fabrication techniques. The FNDs' fluorescence spectra, lifetime, and spin relaxation time (T1) are investigated via single‐particle confocal fluorescence microscopy and in ensemble measurements in solution (T1 excepted). Particle sizes and shapes are determined using scanning electron microscopy and correlated with the optical results. Statistical tests are used to explore correlations between the properties of individual particles and also analyze average results to directly compare different fabrication techniques. Spectral unmixing is used to quantify the relative NV charge‐state (NV? and NV0) contributions to the overall fluorescence. A strong variation is found and quantified in the properties of individual particles within all analyzed samples and significant differences between the different particle types. This study is an important contribution toward understanding the properties of NV centers in nanodiamonds. It motivates new approaches to the improved engineering of NV‐containing nanodiamonds for future applications. 相似文献
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To exploit the high intensity of laser radiation, we propose to select frequencies at which single-photon absorption is of too low energy and two or more photons are needed to produce states of an atom that can undergo interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) with its neighbors. For Ne(2) it is explicitly demonstrated that the proposed multiphoton absorption scheme is much more efficient than schemes used until now, which rely on single-photon absorption. Extensive calculations on Ne(2) show how the low-energy ICD electrons and Ne(+) pairs are produced for different laser intensities and pulse durations. At higher intensities the production of Ne(+) pairs by successive ionization of the two atoms becomes competitive and the respective emitted electrons interfere with the ICD electrons. It is also shown that a measurement after a time delay can be used to determine the contribution of ICD even at high laser intensity. 相似文献
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Victor Callegari Philipp M. Nellen Roland Hauert Francisco Hernández-Ramírez 《Applied Surface Science》2007,253(22):8969-8973
Focused ion beam physical sputtering and iodine-enhanced etching of indium phosphide (InP) were performed. Up to 15× enhanced etching rates over sputtering were measured at room temperature, due to the addition of iodine to the sputter-process. Reaction mechanisms and products are discussed and characterized. The reaction is limited by the desorption of indium triiodide (InI3) at room temperature. InI3 has to be removed by sputtering, which simultaneously amorphizes the underlying substrate. Surface roughness and stoichiometry of InP are compared for sputtering and etching. Gallium-contamination and the damaged zone in InP are significantly reduced by iodine-enhanced etching. Based on the reaction mechanisms, an optimum beam scanning strategy is proposed which allows precise microfabrication in reduced time and minimizes damage to the substrate. The method is also applicable for other halide gas etching processes of III-V semiconductors. 相似文献
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We theoretically study the coupling of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms to the mechanical oscillations of a nanoscale cantilever with a magnetic tip. This is an experimentally viable hybrid quantum system which allows one to explore the interface of quantum optics and condensed matter physics. We propose an experiment where easily detectable atomic spin flips are induced by the cantilever motion. This can be used to probe thermal oscillations of the cantilever with the atoms. At low cantilever temperatures, as realized in recent experiments, the backaction of the atoms onto the cantilever is significant and the system represents a mechanical analog of cavity quantum electrodynamics. With high but realistic cantilever quality factors, the strong coupling regime can be reached, either with single atoms or collectively with Bose-Einstein condensates. We discuss an implementation on an atom chip. 相似文献
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We study the stability of topological order against local perturbations by considering the effect of a magnetic field on a spin model--the toric code--which is in a topological phase. The model can be mapped onto a quantum loop gas where the perturbation introduces a bare loop tension. When the loop tension is small, the topological order survives. When it is large, it drives a continuous quantum phase transition into a magnetic state. The transition can be understood as the condensation of "magnetic" vortices, leading to confinement of the elementary "charge" excitations. We also show how the topological order breaks down when the system is coupled to an Ohmic heat bath and relate our results to error rates for topological quantum computations. 相似文献
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本文使用傅里叶变换微波谱仪研究了乙基苯胺类物质(邻乙基苯胺,间乙基苯胺,对乙基苯胺)的分子结构. 由于此类分子含氮原子(I14N=1),因此跃迁谱线中都呈现出核四级裂分. 通过比较实验测定得到的分子结构,可总结苯胺环上不同位置乙基的取代对氨基及分子整体结构的影响. 相似文献
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S Jürschik B Agarwal T Kassebacher P Sulzer CA Mayhew TD Märk 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2012,47(9):1092-1097
In this work, we illustrate the application of proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) in the field of food and drink safety. We present proof-of-principle measurements of four different drinks (water, tea, red wine and white wine) each spiked separately with four different date rape drugs (chloral hydrate, tricholorethanol, γ-butyrolactone and butanediol). At first, the ideal PTR-MS operating conditions (reduced electric field strength and monitoring the most abundant [fragment] ion) for detection of the drugs were determined utilizing a time-of-flight-based PTR-MS instrument. We then dissolved small quantities of the drugs (below the activation threshold for effects on humans) into the various types of drinks and detected them using a quadrupole-based PTR-MS instrument via two different sampling methods: (1) dynamic headspace sampling and (2) direct liquid injection. Both methods have their advantages and drawbacks. Only with dynamic headspace sampling can rape drug contaminations be detected within a timeframe of seconds, and therefore, this method is the most promising use of PTR-MS as a fast, sensitive and selective monitor for the detection of food and drink contamination. Copyright ? 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献