全文获取类型
收费全文 | 391篇 |
免费 | 0篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 199篇 |
晶体学 | 3篇 |
力学 | 8篇 |
数学 | 32篇 |
物理学 | 152篇 |
出版年
2016年 | 2篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 4篇 |
2013年 | 19篇 |
2012年 | 9篇 |
2011年 | 16篇 |
2010年 | 10篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 26篇 |
2007年 | 18篇 |
2006年 | 15篇 |
2005年 | 18篇 |
2004年 | 9篇 |
2003年 | 11篇 |
2002年 | 12篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 7篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 7篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1964年 | 2篇 |
1942年 | 4篇 |
1938年 | 2篇 |
1934年 | 3篇 |
1931年 | 2篇 |
1902年 | 2篇 |
1901年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有394条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
D. T. Le C. P. Morath H. E. Norton D. A. Cardimona S. Raghavan P. Rotella S. A. Stintz B. Fuchs S. Krishna 《Infrared Physics & Technology》2003,44(5-6):517-526
In this paper we report studies on normal incidence, InAs/In0.15Ga0.85As quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) in the dots-in-a-well (DWELL) configuration. Three QDIP structures with similar dot and well dimensions were grown and devices were fabricated from each wafer. Of the three devices studied, the first served as the control, the second was grown with an additional 400 Å AlGaAs blocking layer, and the third was grown on a GaAs n+ substrate with the intention of testing a single pass geometry. Spectral measurements on all three devices show one main peak in the long-wave IR (≈8 μm). The absorption was attributed to the bound-to-bound transition between the ground state of the InAs quantum dot and the ground state of the In0.15Ga0.85As well. Calibrated peak responsivity and peak detectivity measurements were performed on each device at 40, 60, and 80 K. For the same temperatures, frequency response measurements from 20 Hz to 4 kHz at a bias of Vb=−1 V were also performed. The addition of the blocking layer was shown to slightly enhance responsivity, which peaked at 2.4 A/W at 77 K, Vb=−1 V and responsivity was observed to be significantly reduced in the single pass (n+ substrate) sample. The rolloff of the frequency response was observed to be heavily dependent on temperature, bias, and irradiance. The results from the characterization of each sample are reported and discussed. 相似文献
2.
Latency of auditory brain-stem responses and otoacoustic emissions using tone-burst stimuli 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
S T Neely S J Norton M P Gorga W Jesteadt 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》1988,83(2):652-656
A comparison of the latency of auditory brain-stem responses (ABR) and evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAE) has led to an interpretation for the travel of transients in the peripheral auditory system that is consistent with both sets of data. The "cochlear echo" theory for the origin of the EOAE indicates that the latency of a particular frequency component back to the ear canal should be twice the forward latency of its characteristic place in the cochlea. The latency of wave V of the ABR to tone-burst stimuli can be described as the sum of two components: (1) a component that varies with intensity and frequency in an orderly and predictable manner and (2) a component that is independent of both intensity and frequency. Because the EOAE data can be predicted by taking twice the value of component (1) of the ABR latency, this component is interpreted to be due to mechanical travel through the cochlea. A consequence of this interpretation is that the remaining neural component of the ABR latency must be relatively independent of frequency and intensity. 相似文献
3.
James J. Li R. Alan Chrusciel Monica B. Norton David B. Reitz Timothy J. Hagen Sofya Tsymbalov E. Ann Hallinan 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1994,31(6):1689-1696
Lithiation of 8-chlorodibenz[b,f][1,4]oxazepine-10-tert-butylcarbamate ( 1 ) is described. Electrophilic substitution of the resulting N-Boc dibenzoxazepine α- lithioamine 2 with ketones, aldehydes, nitriles, iso-cyanates and imines, followed by an in-situ cyclization, gave fused carbamates 5–26 , fused 2H-imidazol-2-ones 27–29 , fused hydantoins 30–32 , and fused ureas 33–35 , respectively, in 11–66% yield. 相似文献
4.
Norton P. Peet Shyam Sunder Robert J. Barbuch Edward W. Huber Ester M. Bargar 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1987,24(6):1531-1535
Treatment of o-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride ( 3 ) with 5-aminotetrazole (5-AT) gave [(2-nitrophenyl)-sulfonyl]carbamimidic azide ( 6 ), a ring-opened isomer of the expected N-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide ( 4 ). Sulfonylcarbamimidic azide 6 was converted to 2-amino-N-(aminoiminomethyl)benzene-sulfonamide ( 7 ) with ethanolic stannous chloride, and to 3-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide ( 8 ) with sodium dithionite. Methanesulfonyl chloride ( 9 ) and 5-AT gave 2-(methylsulfonyl)carbamimidic azide ( 10 ), which isomerized to 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-tetrazole ( 11 ) in warm ethanol. Attempted cycloaddition of 2-(phenylsulfonyl)carbamimidic azide ( 13 ) and ethyl vinyl ether led only to alkylated tetrazole products. In addition, other tetrazole-alkylating reactions are described. Isomers produced from these alkylations were differentiated with 13C nmr spectroscopy. 相似文献
5.
6.
Han Y Harlan CJ Stoessel P Frost BJ Norton JR Miller S Bridgewater B Xu Q 《Inorganic chemistry》2001,40(13):2942-2952
A series of oxo complexes, Re(O)X(diyne) (X = I, Me, Et), have been prepared from 2,7-nonadiyne and Re(O)I(3)(PPh(3))(2). Addition of B(C(6)F(5))(3) to Re(O)I(2,7-nonadiyne) (5) results in coordination of the oxo ligand to the boron. The protonation of Re(O)(X)(2-butyne)(2) and Re(O)(X)(2,7-nonadiyne)(2) with a variety of acids has been examined. With 5 and HBF(4)/Et(2)O, the ultimate product was [Re(CH(3)CN)(3)(I)(2,7-nonadiyne)](2+) (7). The conversion of 5 to 7 changes the conformation of the diyne ligand from a "chair" to a "boat" and shifts its propargylic protons considerably downfield in the (1)H NMR. The kinetics of the protonation of Re(O)I(2,7-nonadiyne) (5) by CF(3)SO(3)H in CH(3)CN have been monitored by visible spectroscopy, in a stopped-flow apparatus, and by low temperature (1)H NMR. Two second-order rate constants, presumably successive protonations, were observed in the stopped-flow, k(1) = 11.9 M(-)(1) s(-)(1) and k(2) = 3.8 M(-)(1) s(-)(1). Low temperature (1)H NMR spectroscopy indicated that the resulting solution contained a mixture of two doubly protonated intermediates X and Y, each of which slowly formed the product 7 via an acid-independent process. 相似文献
7.
Alec Norton 《Journal of Geometric Analysis》1994,4(3):403-424
The classical Morse-Sard Theorem says that the set of critical values off:R n+k →R n has Lebesgue measure zero iff ∈C k+1. We show theC k+1 smoothness requirement can be weakened toC k+Zygmund. This is corollary to the following theorem: For integersn >m >r > 0, lets = (n ?r)/(m ?r); iff:R n →R m belongs to the Lipschitz class Λ s andE is a set of rankr forf, thenf(E) has measure zero. 相似文献
8.
9.
Although pyrazole formation results from treatment of 3-chloro-6-hydrazinopyridazine ( 2 ) with both ethoxymethylenemalononitrile and ethyl (ethoxymethylene)cyanoacetate, 6-chlorotriazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine ( 5 ) was produced (75% yield) when 2 was treated with diethyl ethoxymethylenemalonate. Treatment of 2 with diethyl acetylmalonate ( 8 ) gave both 6-chloro-3-methyltriazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine ( 10 ) and 5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-(6-chloro-3-pyridazinyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester ( 12 ). Pyrazole 12 was initially isolated as a salt of triazolopyridazine 10 . 相似文献
10.
The preparation of 6,6′-[(2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediyl)]bis(oxy)]bis(3-hydroxy)]-2-benzofurancarboxylic acid) diethyl ester trisodium salt trihydrate ( 6 ), a compound structurally related to disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), is described. 相似文献