微分求积方法对于桩基大变形分析的应用

本文基于大变形的理论,采用弧坐标首先建立了具有初始位移的桩基的非线性数学模型,一组强非线性的微分-积分方程,其中,地基的抗力采用了Winkeler模型;其次,引入变数变换将微分-积分方程转化为一组非线性微分方程,并用微分求积方法离散了方程组,得到一组离散化的非线性代数方程;最后用Newton-Raphson迭代方法对离散化方程进行了求解,得到了桩基变形前后的构形、弯矩和剪力.计算中选取了两种不同类型的初始位移,并考察了它们对桩基大变形力学行为的影响.     

The biological significance of ω-oxidation of fatty acids

The author focuses on the biological significance of ω-oxidation of fatty acids. Early studies revealed that there is a subsidiary pathway for β-oxidation of fatty acids when β-oxidation is blocked. Many studies demonstrated that the ω-oxidation serves to provide succinyl-CoA for the citric acid cycle and for gluconeogenesis under conditions of starvation and diabetes. Acylglucosylceramides which are composed of linoleic acid, long chain ω-hydroxy fatty acids, eicosasphingenine (or trihydroxyeicosasphingenine) and glucose, are responsible for normal epidermal permeability function in the skin. It is observed that ω- and (ω-1)-oxidation of fatty acids are related to energy metabolism in some laboratory animals such as musk shrews and Mongolian gerbils. Studies confirmed that ω- and (ω-1)-oxidation of fatty acids play crucial roles in the production of insect pheromones of honeybees and in the formation of biopolyesters of higher plants. In addition, the biological significance of ω-oxidation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes is described.     

Large Eddy Simulation of Flow around a Rectangular Cylinder Using the Finite Element Method

In previous papers, we proposed finite element schemes based on the Petrov-Galerkin weak formulation using exponential weighting functions for solving accurately, and in a stable manner, the flow field of an incompressible viscous fluid. In this paper, we present the Petrov-Galerkin finite element scheme for turbulent flow fields based on large eddy simulation using the standard Smagorinsky model with the Van Driest damping function. The filtered incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are numerically integrated in time by using a fractional step strategy with second-order accurate Adams-Bashforth explicit differencing for both convection an diffusion terms. In order to evaluate more accurately a mass matrix, the well-known multi-pass algorithm was also adopted in this study. Numerical results obtained are compared through flow around a rectangular cylinder at Re = 22,000 with the experimental data and other existing numerical data.     

弹性地基上HDAJ接头桩的非线性稳定性分析

本文采用弧坐标首先建立了弹性地基中受轴向载荷作用的高柔性抗震拼接头桩(High Ductility Aseis-matic Joint Spliced Pile)的非线性数学模型,并假定土(基础)对桩基的反作用力服从Winkler模型;在此基础上对该模型进行了线性化,并得到HDAJ接头桩的临界载荷。最后根据分叉理论的观点和方法,讨论了HDAJ接头桩在临界载荷处的稳定性问题。研究结果表明HDAJ接头桩在临界载荷附近必发生分叉,且分叉解是唯一的,稳定的,并且给出了分叉解的渐近表达式。物理上,这表示HDAJ接头桩的平衡构形在临界载荷处必然发生改变,并且从一个稳定的平衡构形变化到另一个稳定的平衡构形。同时考察了土的液化对临界载荷的影响,说明液化的影响是非常明显的。当考虑土的液化时,桩基的临界载荷低于不考虑土的液化时桩基的临界载荷。     

低阶煤与生物质在热溶剂提质萃取过程中的相互作用

作者前期工作中提出了一种针对生物质废弃物或低阶煤的热溶提质萃取方法，该方法可以在350℃下实现生物质或低阶煤的提质及多级分离，获得高附加值的萃取物。与生物质的热溶提质萃取比较，低阶煤的萃取物收率较低。本研究提出对生物质和低阶煤混合物进行热溶提质萃取，通过两者的物理化学相互作用，来提高其萃取收率。研究结果表明，对两者混合物热溶剂提质分离得到萃取物的产率及元素组成与理论计算结果略有不同，理论计算结果是假设生物质与煤之间无交互作用而得到的。煤中的矿物质对生物质热分解起催化作用，导致收率有所增加。煤、生物质及其混合物通过热溶剂提质分离得到的萃取物的元素组成、分子量分布、化学结构、热分解和热塑性非常相似。总体而言，低阶煤与生物质在热溶剂提质萃取过程的交互作用较小。但是，本研究证明了热溶提质萃取方法不仅适用于煤或生物质，也适用于它们的混合物。这意味着热溶剂提质萃取法可以在不改变任何工艺条件参数的情况下，以煤、生物质及其混合物作为原料。     

Excited high spin states of novel π conjugated verdazyl radicals: photoinduced spin alignment utilizing the excited molecular field

This paper reports the excited quartet (S = 3/2) and quintet (S = 2) states arising from the intramolecular radical-triplet pair in the purely organic π conjugated spin systems. A previous paper reported the excited quartet and quintet states of 9-anthracene-(4-phenyliminonitroxide) and 9,10-anthracene-bis(4-phenyliminonitroxide), respectively, in which iminonitroxide radicals are linked to the phenyl- or diphenylanthracene moiety (a spin-coupler) through the π conjugation. The similar excited quartet and quintet states were observed for the 9-anthra-cene-(4-phenylverdazyl) radical (1) and 9,10-anthracene-bis(4-phenylverdazyl) diradical (2) by time resolved electron spin resonance (TRESR). The TRESR spectrum was analysed by the ordinary spin Hamiltonian with the Zeeman and fine structure terms. For the quartet state of 1, the g value, fine structure splitting, and relative population of the Ms sublevels have been determined to be g = 2.0035, D = 0.0230 cm^?1, E = 0.0, P _1/2′ = P _?1/2′ = 0.5 and P _3/2′ = P _?3/2′ = 0.0, respectively, by spectral simulation. The spin Hamiltonian parameters of the quintet state of 2 were determined to be g = 2.0035, D = 0.0128 cm^?1, E = 0.0, P _2′ = P _?2′ = 0.0, P _1′ = P _?1′ = 0.37 and P _0′ = 0.26, respectively. Direct observation of the excited high spin state showed that photoinduced intramolecular spin alignment is realized between the excited triplet state (S = 1) of the phenyl- or diphenylanthracene moiety and the doublet spin (S = 1/2) of the dangling verdazyl radicals. Ab initio MO calculations (DFT) were carried out in order to clarify the mechanism of the photoinduced spin alignment.     

Multi-reference configuration interaction calculation of positronium fluoride 2,1S and 2,1P states

Multi-reference configuration interaction calculations for the ground state ^2,1S and an excited state ^2,1P of positronium fluoride (PsF) were performed, and their energies, the positronium (Ps) binding energies and the two-photon positron-electron pair annihilation rates were presented. From an analysis of the convergence pattern of the total energies and the two-photon annihilation rates with respect to the angular momentum of basis functions, an extrapolation method which may give accurate Ps binding energies and two-photon annihilation rates was applied. Estimated Ps binding energy for ^2,1S state of PsF was in good agreement with the recent reliable calculations. The structures of ^2,1S and ^2,1P states of PsF also were predicted from the point of view of the two-photon annihilation rate.