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1.
D. K. Kuznetsov I. S. Baturin V. Ya. Shur N. Menou C. Muller T. Schneller A. Sternberg 《Physics of the Solid State》2006,48(6):1174-1176
The effect of irradiation with electrons and neutrons and of exposure to synchrotron radiation on cyclic switching of polarization in thin films of lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) was studied. It is shown that variations in the shape of switching currents are due to the generation of a spatially nonuniform bound internal field with account for an increase in the rate of bulk screening caused by irradiation. A correlation between structural variations and the evolution of the switching current measured during and after irradiation is established. 相似文献
2.
The synthesis of tocopherol fatty alcohols (TFAs), potent microglial activation modulators, was achieved via C-alkylation of trimethylhydroquinone. Several analogs, in particular water-soluble prodrugs, have been synthesized using a Wittig reaction and their antioxidant activities have been evaluated. 相似文献
3.
4.
J.-M. Colet C. Piérart F. Seghi I. Gabric R.N. Muller 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》1998,134(2):199-205
The relative contributions of intravascular and intracellular compartments to the proton transverse relaxation of the isolated and excised rat liver were determined during the phagocytosis of superparamagnetic particles. The evolution of the proton transverse magnetization of the organ perfused with increasing doses of starch-coated magnetic microspheres was followed up using a Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill sequence with various echo times. From the multiexponential fit of the echo train, the amplitudes and the relaxation ratesR2of the liver tissue were obtained. The results clearly indicate that shortly after contrast medium administration, an internalization takes place which can be followed by the rapid and biphasic evolution of the transverse relaxation rate of the water protons. A very fast decaying component looking like an initial loss of the magnetization is observed together with an increase of the relaxation rate of the remaining water tissue. This regime is strongly dependent on both the echo time and the iron concentration, a behavior characteristic of the agglomeration of magnetic particles. The examination of the liver tissues by electron microscopy shows that this clustering arises in cytoplasmic vacuoles. 相似文献
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6.
A. Barhdadi H. Amzil J. C. Muller P. Siffert 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1989,49(3):233-237
We have studied the influence of conventional and rapid thermal treatments at 850°C for 30 min and 10 s, respectively, on the recombination activity of the9,13 (P-type) and25 (N-type) grain boundaries in silicon. The analyses were made by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) working in the electron beam induced current mode (EBIC) and completed by minority carrier diffusion length measurements. The main result obtained from this study shows the importance of the rapid thermal process as a suitable thermal treatment for polycrystalline materials. 相似文献
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8.
Jean-Claude Muller Henri Rarouz John Daly Peter Schönholzer 《Helvetica chimica acta》1982,65(5):1454-1466
The structure of new 2-oxo-2,8-dihydro-[l,2,4]oxadiazolo-[2,3-a]pyrimidine-carbamates 1 was established by correlating the IR. and NMR. data with these of analogous compounds. A X-ray crystallographic analysis of 1c gave an unequivocal proof of structural assignment. 相似文献
9.
Garza JM Jessel N Ladam G Dupray V Muller S Stoltz JF Schaaf P Voegel JC Lavalle P 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(26):12372-12377
Polyelectrolyte multilayers are now a well established concept with numerous potential applications in particular as biomaterial coatings. To timely control the biological activity of cells in contact with a substrate, multicompartment films made of different polyelectrolyte multilayers deposited sequentially on the solid substrate constitute a promising new approach. In a first paper (Langmuir 2004, 20, 7298) we showed that such multicompartment films can be designed by alternating exponentially growing polyelectrolyte multilayers acting as reservoirs and linearly growing ones acting as barriers. In the present study, we first demonstrate however that these barriers composed of synthetic polyelectrolytes are not degraded despite the presence of phagocytic cells. We propose an alternative approach where exponentially growing poly(L-lysine)/hyaluronic acid (PLL/HA) multilayers, used as reservoirs, are alternated with biodegradable polymer layers consisting in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and acting as barriers for PLL chains that diffuse within the PLL/HA reservoirs. We first show that these PLGA layers can be deposited alternatively with PLL/HA multilayers leading to polyelectrolyte multilayer/hydrolyzable polymeric layer films and acting as a reservoirs/barriers system. Bone marrow cells seeded on these films ending by a PLL/HA reservoir rapidly degrade it and internalize the PLL chains confined in this reservoir. Then the cells degraded locally the PLGA barrier and internalize the PLL localized in a lower (PLL/HA) compartment after 5 days of seeding. By changing the thickness of the PLGA layer, we hope to be able to tune the time delay of degradation. Such mixed architectures made of polyelectrolyte multilayers and hydrolyzable polymeric layers could act as coatings allowing us to induce a time scheduled cascade of biological activities. We are currently working on the use of comparable films with compartments filled by proteins or peptides and in which the degradation of the barriers results from a hydrolysis over tunable time scales. 相似文献
10.
E.Gordon Muller Jeffrey L. Petersen Lawrence F. Dahl 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1976,111(1):91-112
Our preparation of Ti(h5?C5H5)2 S5 by the reaction of elemental sulfur with Ti(h5?C5H5)2(CO)2 in hexane and of V(h5?C5H5)2S5? H2O by the reacti of V(h5?C5H5)2 Cl2 with Na2S5 in THF and structural analyses by single crystal X-ray diffraction (together with infrared, solution EPR, and temperaturedependent magnetic susceptibility measurements) represent an extension of our previous work on M(h5?C5H5)2 (SC6H5)2 (M = Ti, V). The crystallographic results provide further support of our previous conclusions that the Ballhausen—Dahl model is not valid for M(h5?C5H5)2L2 systems. The structuralfeatures of the chair-like titanium and vanadium pentasulfide molecules are compared to the corresponding phenylmercapto analogs and to the chair-like cyclohexasulfur molecule in rhombohedral sulfur. Ti(h5?C5H5)2S5 was isolated as a mixture of monoclinic and orthorhombic Crystalline phases-which were both characterized by preliminary X-ray data. A complete Structural determination and refinement of the monoclinic phase, which contains two independent molecules in a cell of dimensions a 22.843(2), b 7.958(1), c 14.465(1) Å, β 90.074(4)° and symmetry P21/c, yielded R1 5.3 % and R2 5.9 % for 2168 independent diffractometry-collected data with I≥ 2.5o(I). V(h5?C5H5)2S5- H2O contains four V(h5?C5H5)2S5 molecules and two water molecules of hydration (of crystallographic site symmetry C2-2) in onorthorhombic unit cell of symmetry P21212 and of dimensions a 13.491(1), b 12.748(1), c 7.715(1) Å. Least-squares refinement of 750 diffractometry data with I≥2.0σ(I) gave R1 2.4% and R2 3.0% Both of these compounds were independently synthesized and Spectroscopically characterized by Köpf and co-workers, and-a Complete X-ray diffraction study was performed by Epstein and Bernal on a different monoclinic phase of Ti(h5?C5H5)2S5 (isolated by-Köpf). An extraction of V(h5?C5H5)2S5 with re fluxing benzene under nitrogen atmosphere in a Soxhlet apparatus led to the formation of the previously reported [V2 (h5?C5H5)2S5]n compound which was characterized by physical measurements including a preliminary X-ray diffraction study. 相似文献