Excitons in Si nanocrystals

The states of electron-hole pairs in spherical silicon nanocrystals are theoretically studied using the “multiband” effective-mass approximation in the limit of an infinitely high potential barrier at the boundary. The degeneracy of the states at the top of the valence band is taken into account in the spherical approximation, and the ellipsoidal character of the electronic spectrum in the conduction band is allowed for. Coulomb interaction-induced corrections to the energy of an electron-hole pair are found.     

The effect of the external lateral electric field on the luminescence intensity of InAs/GaAs quantum dots

We report on low-temperature microphotoluminescence (μ-PL) measurements of InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) exposed to a lateral external electric field. It is demonstrated that the QDs’ PL signal could be increased severalfold by altering the external and/or the internal electric field, which could be changed by an additional infrared laser. A model which accounts for a substantially faster lateral transport of the photoexcited carriers achieved in an external electric field is employed to explain the observed effects. The results obtained suggest that the lateral electric fields play a major role for the dot luminescence intensity measured in our experiment—a finding which could be used to tailor the properties of QD-based optoelectronic applications. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Apparent two-dimensional behavior of TiO2 nanotubes revealed by light absorption and luminescence

Optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) properties of colloidal TiO(2) nanotubes, produced by the alkali hydrothermal method, were studied at room temperature in the range 300-700 nm. Nanotubes having an internal diameter in the range 2.5-5 nm have very similar optical properties, in contrast to the expected behavior for quasi-1-D systems. This is explained by the complete thermal smearing of all 1-D effects, due to the large effective mass of charge carriers in TiO(2), resulting in an apparent 2-D behavior of TiO(2) nanotubes.     

Studies on pyrazoles

The possibility of the separation into optical antipodes of racemic amino acids of the pyrazole series has been investigated. The trans configuration of the acrylic acids obtained as by-products in the synthesis of -amino acids of the pyrazole series by the Rodionov reaction has been shown by PMR and IR spectroscopy. The IR spectra of a series of amino acids are discussed.For part LXII, see [1].     

Alkyliminomalonic acid and 2-alkyloxaziridine-3, 3-dicarboxylic acid esters

2-Alkyloxaziridine-3, 3-dicarboxylic acid esters have been obtained by oxidizing alkylaminomalonic acid esters by monoperphthalic acid. The activation parameters for the inversion of the nitrogen atom have been obtained for a number of alkyliminomalonic acid and 2-alkyloxaziridine-3, 3-dicarboxylic acid ester.Report 46 from a series entitled Asymmetric Nonbridging Nitrogen. For report 45 see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 525–532, April, 1986.     

Some physical properties of polyorganosiloxanes. I. Linear polyorganosiloxanes

Some physical properties of linear polydimethylsiloxanes have been studied. The states and transitions in polydimethylsiloxanes have been investigated by using the method of dynamic heat capacity and a thermomechanic method in the temperature range from ?150 to +200°C. The temperature dependence of primary and secondary crystallization has been studied by optical, calorimetric, and x-ray methods.     

Synthesis and properties of phenyl(methyl)-substituted 2- and 4-nitrosopyrimidines

Phenyl(methyl)-substituted 2- and 4-nitroso- and azoxypyrimidines were synthesized for the first time by the oxidation of phenyl(methyl)-substituted 2- and 4-hydroxy-aminopyrimidines by activated MnO₂, Ag₂CO₃ on zeolite, or BaMnO₄. Certain chemical properties of the synthesized nitrosopyrimidines were studied, such as reduction, nucleophilic substitution of the nitroso group, the condensation reaction with aniline and hydroxyaminopyrimidines.For Preliminary communication, see [1].DeceasedTranslated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 962–968, July, 1989.     

Radiative muon capture on nuclei

Radiative muon capture rates of stopped meons, spectra, circular polarisation, and asymmetries of emitted -quanta in¹⁶O and⁴⁰Ca are analysed using the shell-model nuclear wave functions. Calculated characteristics show considerable sensitivity to the value of induced pseudoscalar coupling constantg _p. Where possible we compare the theoretical results with the preliminary experimental data.Dedicated to the 25th anniversary of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research.On leave of absence fromthe Institute of Nuclear Physics, Czechosl. Acad. Sci., 250 68 e, Czechoslovakia.     

Studying noise-induced intermittency in multistable systems on the basis of reference systems

The noise-induced intermittent behavior of multistable systems is studied using the example of a reference system (a Chua generator). It is shown that upon exposing the Chua generator to external noise, a noise-induced intermittency is observed at certain values of the control parameters. The statistical characteristics obtained for this type of behavior are compared to the appropriate theoretical formulas.