Dynamic properties of zirconium dioxide refractories

The results of static and dynamic tests for three groups of ceramic materials based on zirconium dioxide ZrO₂ and for zirconium dioxide concrete are reported. The static and dynamic tests were performed according to the conventional procedure and Kolsky procedure, respectively. The ceramic samples were obtained using different manufacturing technologies and had different initial densities and porosities. In the experiments, static and dynamic strain curves were obtained and strength characteristics were determined. The dynamic strength properties of ceramics and concrete are shown to depend on the stress growth rate. The dynamic curves of ceramics are compared with those of structural and zirconium dioxide concretes.     

Strength of single-layer and multilayer cylindrical vessels loaded internally by pulses of various lengths

Technological processes and experimental research involving the detonation of explosives must ensure the containment of the detonation products, the safety of personnel, and the protection of equipment. Frequently the test conditions impose rigid requirements on the size and weight of the vessels designed to localize the effect of pulsed loads of various kinds. Pressure vessels for operation under static loads, where the controlling parameter is the pressure, are commonly of multilayer construction. As a consequence of the stopping of cracks in the separate layers [1, 2] this construction can increase the level of the working pressure and avert the catastrophic rupture of the whole structure. It is of interest to investigate the behavior of multilayer shells under pulsed loads of various duration.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 5, pp. 152–58, September–October, 1978.     

Tokamak DEMO-FNS: Concept of magnet system and vacuum chamber

The level of knowledge accumulated to date in the physics and technologies of controlled thermonuclear fusion (CTF) makes it possible to begin designing fusion—fission hybrid systems that would involve a fusion neutron source (FNS) and which would admit employment for the production of fissile materials and for the transmutation of spent nuclear fuel. Modern Russian strategies for CTF development plan the construction to 2023 of tokamak-based demonstration hybrid FNS for implementing steady-state plasma burning, testing hybrid blankets, and evolving nuclear technologies. Work on designing the DEMO-FNS facility is still in its infancy. The Efremov Institute began designing its magnet system and vacuum chamber, while the Kurchatov Institute developed plasma-physics design aspects and determined basic parameters of the facility. The major radius of the plasma in the DEMO-FNS facility is R = 2.75 m, while its minor radius is a = 1 m; the plasma elongation is k ₉₅ = 2. The fusion power is P _FUS = 40 MW. The toroidal magnetic field on the plasma-filament axis is B _t0 = 5 T. The plasma current is I _p = 5 MA. The application of superconductors in the magnet system permits drastically reducing the power consumed by its magnets but requires arranging a thick radiation shield between the plasma and magnet system. The central solenoid, toroidal-field coils, and poloidal-field coils are manufactured from, respectively, Nb₃Sn, NbTi and Nb₃Sn, and NbTi. The vacuum chamber is a double-wall vessel. The space between the walls manufactured from 316L austenitic steel is filled with an iron—water radiation shield (70% of stainless steel and 30% of water).     

Study of the Mechanisms of Interaction between the Hydrolysis Products of Titanyl Sulfate and Sulfate Lignin

Hydrolysis products of TiOSO₄ · 2₂ depending on pH was shown to differently affect an aggregation stability of sulfate lignin. Within the acidic region, these products cause coagulation effect with respect to sulfate lignin, whereas within alkaline region sulfate lignin is the stabilizer preventing the formation and precipitation of the hydrolysis products of titanyl sulfate.     

Low-Temperature Transport in Metals without Inversion Centre

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - Theory of low temperature kinetic phenomena in metals without inversion center is developed. Kinetic properties of a metal without inversion center...