全文获取类型
收费全文 | 148篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 58篇 |
力学 | 2篇 |
数学 | 32篇 |
物理学 | 59篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 2篇 |
2013年 | 13篇 |
2012年 | 2篇 |
2011年 | 5篇 |
2010年 | 3篇 |
2009年 | 3篇 |
2008年 | 4篇 |
2007年 | 6篇 |
2006年 | 6篇 |
2005年 | 4篇 |
2004年 | 2篇 |
2003年 | 2篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 1篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有151条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials using simultaneous ball milling 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mais Ursula Esteghlalian Ali R. Saddler John N. Mansfield Shawn D. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2002,98(1-9):815-832
One of the limiting factors restricting the effective and efficient bioconversion of softwood-derived lignocellulosic residues
is the recalcitrance of the substrate following pretreatment. Consequently, the ensuing enzymatic process requires relatively
high enzyme loadings to produce monomeric carbohydrates that are readily fermentable by ethanologenic microorganisms. In an
attempt to circumvent the need for larger enzyme loadings, a simultaneous physical and enzymatic hydrolysis treatment was
evaluated. A ball-mill reactor was used as the digestion vessel, and the extent and rate of hydrolysis were monitored. Concurrently,
enzyme adsorption profiles and the rate of conversion during the course of hydrolysis were monitored. α-Cellulose, employed
as a model substrate, and SO2-impregnated steam-exploded Douglas-fir wood chips were assessed as the cellulosic substrates. The softwood-derived substrate
was further posttreated with water and hot alkaline hydrogen peroxide to remove >90% of the original lignin. Experiments at
different reaction conditions were evaluated, including substrate concentration, enzyme loading, reaction volumes, and number
of ball beads employed during mechanical milling. It was apparent that the best conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis of
α-cellulose were attained using a higher number of beads, while the presence of air-liquid interface did not seem to affect
the rate of saccharification. Similarly, when employing the lignocellulosic substrate, up to 100% hydrolysis could be achieved
with a minimum enzyme loading (10 filter paper units/g of cellulose), at lower substrate concentrations and with a greater
number of reaction beads during milling. It was apparent that the combined strategy of simultaneous ball milling and enzymatic
hydrolysis could improve the rate of saccharification and/or reduce the enzyme loading required to attain total hydrolysis
of the carbohydrate moieties. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
Wong KL Bitter M Hammett GW Heidbrink W Hendel H Kaita R Scott S Strachan JD Tait G Bell MG Budny R Bush C Chan A Coonrod J Efthimion PC England AC Eubank HP Fredrickson E Furth HP Goldston RJ Grek B Grisham L Hawryluk RJ Hill KW Johnson D Kamperschroer J Kugel H Ma C Mansfield D Manos D McCune DC McGuire K Medley SS Mueller D Nieschmidt E Owens DK Paré VK Park H Ramsey A Rasmussen D Roquemore AL Schivell J Sesnic S Taylor G Williams MD Zarnstorff MC 《Physical review letters》1985,55(23):2587-2590
6.
7.
8.
Hybrid phospholipid bilayer coatings for separations of cationic proteins in capillary zone electrophoresis 下载免费PDF全文
Elyssia S. Gallagher Seid M. Adem Leonard K. Bright Isen A. C. Calderon Elisabeth Mansfield Craig A. Aspinwall 《Electrophoresis》2014,35(8):1099-1105
Protein separations in CZE suffer from nonspecific adsorption of analytes to the capillary surface. Semipermanent phospholipid bilayers have been used to minimize adsorption, but must be regenerated regularly to ensure reproducibility. We investigated the formation, characterization, and use of hybrid phospholipid bilayers (HPBs) as more stable biosurfactant capillary coatings for CZE protein separations. HPBs are formed by covalently modifying a support with a hydrophobic monolayer onto which a self‐assembled lipid monolayer is deposited. Monolayers prepared in capillaries using 3‐cyanopropyldimethylchlorosilane (CPDCS) or n‐octyldimethylchlorosilane (ODCS) yielded hydrophobic surfaces with lowered surface free energies of 6.0 ± 0.3 or 0.2 ± 0.1 mJ m?2, respectively, compared to 17 ± 1 mJ m?2 for bare silica capillaries. HPBs were formed by subsequently fusing vesicles comprised of 1,2‐dilauroyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine or 1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine to CPDCS‐ or ODCS‐modified capillaries. The resultant HPB coatings shielded the capillary surface and yielded reduced electroosmotic mobility (1.3–1.9 × 10?4 cm2 V?1s?1) compared to CPDCS‐ and ODCS‐modified or bare capillaries (3.6 ± 0.2 × 10?4 cm2 V?1s?1, 4.8 ± 0.4 × 10?4 cm2 V?1s?1, and 6.0 ± 0.2 × 10?4 cm2 V?1s?1, respectively), with increased stability compared to phospholipid bilayer coatings. HPB‐coated capillaries yielded reproducible protein migration times (RSD ≤ 3.6%, n ≥ 6) with separation efficiencies as high as 200 000 plates/m. 相似文献
9.
Lois Mansfield 《Numerische Mathematik》1984,45(2):165-172
Summary Optimal rates of convergence for the approximate solution of the stationary Stokes equations are obtained for finite element schemes which use piecewise constants to approximate the pressure and piecewise linear or piecewise bilinear or trilinear polynomials to approximate the velocity over fairly general quadrilateral or hexahedral meshes.This research was supported by NSF Grant MC80-16532 相似文献
10.
Phospha(III)guanidines, R2PC{NR'}{NHR'}, have been used to synthesize multimetallic compounds containing combinations of aluminum with platinum or copper, in which the main-group metal is N,N'-bound by an amidinate moiety, thereby generating a metal-functionalized phosphine that bonds to the transition metal through phosphorus. 相似文献