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CV Tomy D Pal SS Banerjee S Ramakrishnan AK Grover S Bhattacharya MJ Higgins G Balakrishnan McK Paul 《Pramana》2002,58(5-6):925-935
The weakly pinned single crystals of the hexagonal 2H-NbSe2 compound have emerged as prototypes for determining and characterizing the phase boundaries of the possible order-disorder
transformations in the vortex matter. We present here a status report based on the ac and dc magnetization measurements of
the peak effect phenomenon in three crystals of 2H-NbSe2, in which the critical current densities vary over two orders of magnitude. We sketch the generic vortex phase diagram of
a weakly pinned superconductor, which also utilizes theoretical proposals. We also establish the connection between the metastability
effects and pinning. 相似文献
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Alberti G Brunet E Dionigi C Juanes O de La Mata MJ Rodríguez-Ubis JC Vivani R 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1999,38(22):3351-3353
The hydrophilic oxygen atoms of polyethylenoxide chains inserted as pillars in gamma-zirconium phosphate form hydrogen bonds with the acid groups of the host. As a result the pillars are almost perpendicular to the gamma layers. Upon changing the pH level of the supernatant solution the hydrogen bonds are broken and the pillars become almost perpendicular to the layers (shown schematically). Thus there is a reversible enlargement-shortening of the interlayer space. 相似文献
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High brightness amine‐terminated silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) have been utilized in a simple and rapid assay for the highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe3+ via quenching of their strong blue luminescence, without the need for analyte‐specific labeling groups. Sensitive detection of Fe3+ is successfully demonstrated, with a linear relationship observed between luminescence quenching and Fe3+ concentration from 5 × 10?6 to 900 × 10?6m and a limit of detection of 1.3 × 10?6m . The Si NCs show excellent selectivity toward Fe3+ ions, with no quenching of the luminescence signal induced by the presence of Fe2+ ions, allowing for solution phase discrimination between the ionic species in different charge states. 相似文献
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Wendy J. Shaw Yongsheng Chen John Linehan Tom Bitterwolf 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2008,693(12):2111-2118
A recoverable, water soluble, hydrogenation catalyst was synthesized by reacting poly-N-isopropylacrylamide containing a terminal amino group (H2N-CH2CH2-S-pNIPAAm) with [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 in organic solvents to form the square planar rhodium complex (Rh(CO)2Cl(H2N-CH2CH2-S-pNIPAAm)). The catalyst-ligand structure was characterized using in situ multinuclear NMR, XAFS and IR spectroscopic methods. Model complexes containing glycine (H2NCH2COOH), cysteamine (H2NCH2CH2SH) and methionine methyl ester (H2NCH(CH2CH2SCH3)COOCH3) ligands were studied to aid in the interpretation of the coordination sphere of the rhodium catalyst. The spectroscopic data revealed a switch in ligation from the amine bound (Rh-NH2-CH2CH2-S-pNIPAAm) to the thioether bound (Rh-S(-CH2CH2NH2)(-pNIPAAm)) rhodium when the complex was dissolved in water. The evolution of the structure of the rhodium complex dissolved in water was followed by XAFS. The structure changed from the expected monomeric complex to form a rhodium cluster of up to four rhodium atoms containing one SRR′ ligand and one CO ligand per rhodium center. No metallic rhodium was observed during this transformation. The rhodium-rhodium interactions were disrupted when an alkene (3-butenol) was added to the aqueous solution. The kinetics of the hydrogenation reaction were measured using a novel high-pressure flow-through NMR system and the catalyst was found to have a TOF of 3000/Rh/h at 25 °C for the hydrogenation of 3-butenol in water. 相似文献
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MJ Briones R Bol D Sleep L Sampedro D Allen 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》1999,13(13):1300-1304
Changes in the specific diet of earthworms with time in relation to landuse changes and two different climates were studied by analysing (13)C and (15)N natural abundance in soils and animals. Soil samples from three depths (0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm) and earthworms were collected from two sites: Santiago (Northwest Spain) and North Wyke (Southwest England) both consisting of replicated long-term grasslands and recently converted to maize plots. Earthworms were hand-sorted in the field at the peak of the maize growth and after harvesting at both sites. In the Spanish plots, nine and eight earthworm species, all belonging to the three ecological categories (epigeic, anecic and endogeic), were found under maize and permanent pasture, whereas at the English site five and seven different species were, respectively, identified. At both sites (13)C isotopic values of the earthworm tissues reflected changes in diet from C(3) to C(4) with epigeic and epi/anecic worms in the maize plots showing one delta unit difference in relation to the ones found in the grassland plots. Anecic worms seemed to be less responsive to landuse changes. The higher (13)C values of the Spanish soils were also reflected in the earthworm tissues when compared with the English samples. (15)N values showed no clear relationship with the cropping treatments but were clearly related to the ecological grouping, with endogeic worms reaching the highest values whereas for the epigeic and epi/anecic species the lowest values were obtained. This finding was also previously recorded by other authors1 and suggests that, in the future, stable isotope techniques could also be a useful tool in taxonomic studies. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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RD Harris WS Baker Van Stipdonk MJ RM Crooks EA Schweikert 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》1999,13(14):1374-1380
A suite of keV polyatomic or 'cluster' projectiles was used to bombard unoxidized and oxidized self-assembled monolayer surfaces. Negative secondary ion yields, collected at the limit of single ion impacts, were measured and compared for both molecular and fragment ions. In contrast to targets that are orders of magnitude thicker than the penetration range of the primary ions, secondary ion yields from polyatomic projectile impacts on self-assembled monolayers show little to no enhancement when compared with monatomic projectiles at the same velocity. This unusual trend is most likely due to the structural arrangement and bonding characteristics of the monolayer molecules with the Au(111). Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献