Synthetic analogs of natural flavolignans. V. A new synthesis of 6-halogeno-1,3-benzodioxane analogs of silandrin and hydnocarpin

6-Halogeno-1,3-benzodioxane analogs of chalcones have been synthesized by various methods. Flavanone and flavone analogs of silandrin and hydnocarpin have been obtained from them. The structures of the new flavonoids have been shown by their PMR spectra.     

Construction of the fundamental solution of disturbed parabolic equation

In present paper the parabolic equation solution is built. The construction is reduced to iterative procedure. And convergence of the latter is proven.     

Some inverse problems of internal-diffusion kinetics of adsorption

Methods are proposed for determining the diffusion coefficients of adsorbed molecules and the adsorption isotherms from given concentrations of the solutes in the external solution. The methods are based on a comparison of experimental data with the numerical results produced by a mathematical model of internal-diffusion kinetics of adsorption from a constant bounded volume.Translated from Vychislitel'naya i Prikladnaya Matematika, No. 66, pp. 41–46, 1988.     

Influence of the prehistory of NaNbO3-Gd1/3NbO3 ceramics and single crystals on their dielectric properties

The dielectric properties of a ceramic and a single crystal of the same composition 0.9NaNbO₃-0.1Gd_1/3NbO₃ (NNG10) with different prehistories of the material are investigated in the low-and infralow-frequency ranges. It is revealed that the dielectric aging of the material based on the NaNbO₃ antiferroelectric with a smeared phase transition differs in character from similar phenomena observed in relaxor ferroelectrics.     

Information processing,memories, and synchronization in chaotic neural network with the time delay

Information processing and two types of memory in an analog neural network model with time delay that produces chaos similar to the human and animal EEGs are considered. There are two levels of information processing in this neural network: the level of individual neurons and the level of the neural network. Similar to the state of brain, the state of chaotic neural network is defined. It is characterized by two types of memories (memory I and memory II) and correlation structure between the neurons. In normal (unperturbed) state, the neural network generates chaotic patterns of averaged neuronal activities (memory I) and patterns of oscillation amplitudes (memory II). In the presence of external stimulation, the activity patterns change, showing changes in both types of memory. As in experiments on stimulation of the brain, the neural network model shows synchronization of neuronal activities due to stimulus measured by Pearson's correlation coefficient. An increase in neural network asymmetry (increase of the neural network excitability) leads to the phenomenon similar to the epilepsy. Modeling of brain injury, Parkinson's disease, and dementia is performed by removing and weakening interneuron connections. In all cases, the chaotic neural network shows a decrease of the degree of chaos and changes in both types of memory similar to those observed in experiments with healthy human subjects and patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 11:39–52, 2005     

Alternating copolyfluorenevinyles with polynuclear aromatic moieties: Synthesis,photophysics, and electroluminescence

Three new copolymers, namely poly(fluorenevinylene‐alt‐naphthalenevinylene) ( N ), poly(fluorenevinylene‐alt‐anthracenevinylene) ( A ) and poly(fluorenevinylene‐alt‐pyrenevinylene) ( P ), were synthesized by Heck coupling of 9,9‐dihexyl‐2, 7‐divinylfluorene with a polynuclear aromatic dibromide. The 9,10‐disubstituted anthracene was obtained exclusively for A while N and P were obtained as a mixture of two isomers with predominant the 1,4‐disubstituted naphthalene and 1,8‐disubstituted pyrene, respectively. The polymers were soluble in common organic solvents and decomposed above 370 °C. Their glass transition temperature increased from 58 to 110 °C by increasing the number of the phenyl rings of the polynuclear aromatic moiety. Rather high‐efficiency blue and blue‐greenish photoluminescence (PL) of these copolymers in solution was largely decreased in their films, indicating the presence of concentration quenching in the solid state. The OLED using these polymers demonstrated green EL in the case of copolymers N and A , and red EL in the P derivative with η_EL = 0.26–0.31%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 4661–4670, 2007     

Determination of the surface potential of a dielectric layer on a target bombarded by an ion beam

The electric field at the surface of a charge spot created by an ion beam on a dielectric coating of a target is calculated. An expression is obtained which relates the surface potential of the insulator to the potential of the collector corresponding to saturation of the collector secondary-electron current. It permits determination of the potential drop across the oxide layer of a cold cathode without introducing complications in the construction of the experimental apparatus. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 126–128 (September 1998)     

Novel blue‐greenish electroluminescent poly(fluorenevinylene‐alt‐dibenzothiophenevinylene)s and their model compounds

Poly(9,9‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐vinylene‐alt‐dibenzothiophene‐2,8‐vinylene) (PS) and poly(9,9‐dihexylfluorene‐2,7‐vinylene‐alt‐dibenzothiophene‐5,5‐dioxide‐2,8‐ vinylene) (PSO) as well as corresponding model compounds were synthesized by Heck coupling. Both the polymers and model compounds were readily soluble in common organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, chloroform, and toluene. The polymers showed a decomposition temperature at ～430 °C and a char yield of about 65% at 800 °C in N₂. The glass‐transition temperatures of the polymers were almost identical (75–77 °C) and higher than those of the model compounds (26–45 °C). All samples absorbed around 390 nm, and their optical band gaps were 2.69–2.85 eV. They behaved as blue‐greenish light emitting materials in both solutions and thin films, with photoluminescence emission maxima at 450–483 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields of 0.52–0.72 in solution. Organic light‐emitting diodes with an indium tin oxide/poly(ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonic acid)/polymer/Mg:Ag/Ag configuration with polymers PS and PSO as emitting layers showed green electroluminescence with maxima at 530 and 540 nm, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 6790–6800, 2006     

Positron states in KCL crystals before and after radiation exposure

The features of positron annihilation in KCl crystals before and after radiation exposure is investigated. A significant increase in the efficiency of the ortho-vapor process of positronium state conversion is detected. A model is proposed for taking part in the ortho-vapor conversion of conduction electrons drawn into the conduction band by a positron field that affords a qualitative interpretation of the results obtained and permits values of the electron concentration in a spur to be obtained.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 7, pp. 98–102, July, 1988.