Methods of the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Mechanics in Aeroacoustics Problems

Acoustical Physics - It is well known that a sound source related to nonstationary motion of vortices at small Mach numbers can be obtained in the incompressible inviscid fluid approximation. In...     

Acoustic control of instability waves in a turbulent jet

The possibility of acoustic control of instability waves formed in the mixing layer of a jet is experimentally investigated. The feasibility of suppressing a hydrodynamic instability wave in a subsonic turbulent jet by an external acoustic action is demonstrated. This result can be used in designing active control systems for jet noise suppression.     

Development of the Strategy of Active Control of Instability Waves in Unexcited Turbulent Jets

The possibility of controlling instability waves in the mixing layer of a subsonic unexcited jet is studied. These waves can be noise sources in both free jets and jets as parts of configurations. In the study the method of experimental diagnostics of the instability waves in the near field of a jet using an azimuthal multimicrophone array is realized. The data on the near field fluctuations are used for testing the control strategy proposed by the authors. The strategy consists in narrowband sliding filtration of the original signal and the formation of a narrowband controlling action on the basis of the linear principle of signal superposition. The results of the study represent the next step toward the realization of an active control system suppressing natural instability waves in turbulent jets.     

Helicopter noise in hover: Computational modelling and experimental validation

The aeroacoustic characteristics of a helicopter rotor are calculated by a new method, to assess its applicability in assessing rotor performance in hovering. Direct solution of the Euler equations in a noninertial coordinate system is used to calculate the near-field flow around the spinning rotor. The far-field noise field is calculated by the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings (FW–H) method using permeable control surfaces that include the blade. For a multiblade rotor, the signal obtained is duplicated and shifted in phase for each successive blade. By that means, the spectral characteristics of the far-field noise may be obtained. To determine the integral aerodynamic characteristics of the rotor, software is written to calculate the thrust and torque characteristics from the near-field flow solution. The results of numerical simulation are compared with experimental acoustic and aerodynamic data for a large-scale model of a helicopter main rotor in an open test facility. Two- and four-blade configurations of the rotor are considered, in different hover conditions. The proposed method satisfactorily predicts the aerodynamic characteristics of the blades in such conditions and gives good estimates for the first harmonics of the noise. That permits the practical use of the proposed method, not only for hovering but also for forward flight.     

Construction of an anechoic chamber for aeroacoustic experiments and examination of its acoustic parameters

The acoustic parameters of a new anechoic chamber constructed at Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU) are presented. This chamber is designed to be used, among other things, for measuring noise from aerodynamic sources. Sound-absorbing wedges lining the walls of the chamber were studied in an interferometer with normal wave incidence. The results are compared to the characteristics of sound-absorbing wedges of existing anechoic facilities. Metrological examination of the acoustic parameters of the PNRPU anechoic chamber demonstrates that free field conditions are established in it, which will make it possible to conduct quantitative acoustic experiments.     

Parametric Study of the Noise from Vortex Rings with Various Diameters

A technique for studying the aeroacoustic parameters of vortex rings with various diameters in an anechoic chamber is developed. The motion trajectories of vortex rings produced by a piston generator with nozzles with various exit diameters are studied. Spectral analysis of the noise of vortex rings for various distances from nozzles with various diameters is carried out. For the first time, the dependences of the fundamental radiation frequency on the time of a ring’s motion are obtained in dimensionless form. The data on noise from turbulent vortex rings confirm the conclusion that sound from rings with different diameters and velocities is emitted by the same mechanism.     

Using the Correlation Model of Random Quadrupoles of Sources to Calculate the Efficiency of Turbulent Jet Noise Screening with Geometric Diffraction Theory

Acoustical Physics - The paper presents the results of a computational–experimental study of jet noise reduction using the screening effect. According to correlation theory, the noise sources...     

On the Possibility of Using a Single Time Realization for Investigating Noise from Vortex Rings

Acoustical Physics - The possibility of using a single time realization of a vortex ring to study its aeroacoustic properties is considered. For each realization, averaging is performed over six...     

Experimental Research on Noise Reduction for Realistic Landing Gear Geometries

Acoustical Physics - An experimental study of noise reduction methods has been carried out for realistic small-scale (1 : 10) models of aircraft landing gear based on two ideas:...