Melting surface of a solid solution based on palladium,gold, and copper with tin additives

Solidus and liquidus temperatures of solid solutions with the face centered cubic lattice (α-phase) in Pd—Au—Sn and Pd—Cu—Sn ternary systems were determined. The liquidus surface projections for the α-phase were constructed, and position of the binary eutectic reaction L → α + Pd₃Sn in the studied ternary systems was predicted.     

Influence of UV Radiation on the Processes Proceeding on the Anthracene Single Crystal Surface

Russian Physics Journal - In this study, the influence of the annealing conditions on the formation of macrosteps on the anthracene single crystal surface is demonstrated. Under normal conditions...     

Experimental Setup Based on a Quantum Cascade Laser Tunable in the Wavelength Range of 5.3–12.8 µm for Spectral Analysis of Human Exhaled Air

Optics and Spectroscopy - An experimental setup and a method for analyzing multicomponent gas mixtures, including human-exhaled air, have been presented. The installation consists of a quantum...     

Phases of the NiAs family in Cu-Pd-Sn and Au-Pd-Sn systems

Phases with with a NiAs-based structure have been studied in Au-Pd-Sn and Cu-Pd-Sn systems at 500°C using powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray structure analysis, and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. In the Cu-Pd-Sn system, binary phases γ-Pd₂Sn and Cu6Sn5 both having the Ni2In structure form a phase region (Pd,Cu)_{2 − x} Sn, which preserves the Ni₂In structure and is confined at 500°C by an L + (Pd,Cu)_{2 − x} Sn + ɛ-Cu₃Sn three-phase region. In the Au-Pd-Sn system, the δ-AuSn phase with the NiAs structure and γ-Pd₂Sn with the Ni₂In structure form a single phase region (Pd,Au)_{2 − x} Sn, which is bounded at 500°C by an L + (Pd,Au)_{2 − x} Sn two-phase region; the structure of the ternary phase changes from Ni2In with incompletely filled trigonal-prismatic interstices to NiAs. The Pd₂₀Sn₁₃ phase, which crystallizes in the GaGe₂Ni₄ type structure, penetrates into both ternary systems up to ∼5 at % of the third component. The solubilities of copper and gold in PdSn and Pd₂Sn phases, which have structures based on orthorhombically distorted NiAs and Ni₂In lattices, respectively, do not exceed 2 at %.     

Isothermal sections of Au-Pd-Sn system at 500 and 800°C

Alloys of a Au-Pd-Sn system containing up to 35 at % Sn were investigated using a complex of physico-chemical methods of analysis. Partial isothermal sections were drawn at 500 and 800°C. The ternary phase having a tetragonal structure has been established. The solid solubility of gold in Pd-Sn phases goes up with the temperature increase. In all these phases gold seems to replace not only palladium, but also tin.     

Motion of a Circular Cylinder in a Vibrating Liquid

The motion of a circular cylinder under gravity in an ideal liquid bounded from the outside by a vibrating wall is determined using numerical methods.     

Phase equilibria in the palladium-rich part of the Pd–Au–Cu–Sn quaternary system

The solubility of tin in the phases of Pd–Au–Sn and Pd–Cu–Sn ternary systems and a Pd–Au–Cu–Sn quaternary system with a fixed Pd: Au: Cu ratio of 11.1: 1: 4.6 is studied via microstructural, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive analysis. It is found that a quaternary alloy in equilibrium with a solid solution based on Pd, Au, and Sn contains a τ₁ compound with structure which is derivative of the In type. It contains ~15 at % Sn and is a solid solution of the same compounds identified earlier in Pd–Au–Sn and Pd–Cu–Sn ternary systems. In addition, a quaternary alloy with a content of 20 at % Sn also contains a τ₂ compound with the Pd₂CuSn own type and can barely dissolve gold. The obtained data are used to construct a three-dimensional model of the Pd-rich part of the isothermal tetrahedron of the Pd–Au–Cu–Sn system and diagrams of the tin solubility isolines in palladium-rich alloys of the quaternary system at 500°С.