Charge plate technique in recoil study: Evidence for collection of recoil charged species from solid targets on metal electrodes

The occurrence of charge on recoil⁵⁶Mn produced by the (n,γ) reaction in polycrystalline potassium permanganate has been examined using the ‘charge plate technique’. From considerations of capture gamma ray decay schemes and internal conversion it appears that, in a condensed medium, the recoil atom develops charge after losing much of its initial kinetic energy which allows collection on charged electrodes. Preliminary findings were presented at the International Symposium on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry, RC-41 BARC, Bombay, Feb. 4–6 (1991).     

Hot atom chemistry in oxyanion targets,part II1: Recoil behaviour of56Mn in permanganates

Fractional precipitation techniques have been utilized to separate the lower valent and parent forms of⁵⁶Mn in permanganate targets and an attempt is made to study a few aspects of chemical stabilization of recoil⁵⁶Mn in permanganates. Ammonium permanganate, recoil behaviour of which has not been studied previously, is chosen as one of the targets along with the potassium permanganate for initial retention and also for isothermal annealing.⁵⁶Mn initial retentions of about 12% and about 4% are obtained for potassium and ammonium permanganate, respectively, by activation from a Ra–Be neutron source. A usual trend for KMnO₄ and the reduction of recoil fragments by ammonium ions in NH₄MnO₄ are seen through the isothermal annealing study.     

Charge spectra of dyonic quarks

Considering quarks as dyons, we analyze different possibilities for free fractional electric charges and monopoles to coexist. For nonvanishing vacuum angle, electric charges of dyons are not exactly fractional, but carry extra charges proportional to. The average extra charge vanishes for mesons, but not for baryons.     

Some Novel Dinuclear phenylboronates of biologically potent β‐enaminoesters: Synthesis,Spectroscopic characterization,antimicrobial activity and their antiandrogenic effect

Organoboron derivatives of biologically potent β‐enamino esters of the type [Where R = CH₃(1a), C₂H₅ (1b), C₃H₇(1c) and C (CH₃)₃ (1d)] have been prepared by the reactions of β‐enamino esters and Phenyl boronic acid [PhB (OH)₂] in 1:2 molar ratio in refluxing tetrahydrofuran (THF). All these derivatives have been characterized by physico‐chemical properties, elemental analyses and molecular weight measurements. The structures of these compounds have been proposed on the basis of IR, ¹H, ¹³C, ¹¹B NMR spectral data and GC‐mass spectrometry. Phenyl boronic acid, β‐enamino esters and their respective phenylboronates derivatives have been screened for the antibmicrobial activities against pathogenic bacteria (B. subtilis and E. coli) and fungi (A. niger and P. peniculosum) to access their growth inhibiting potential. In addition to this, antiandrogenic effect of Ligand, L^aH₂ and its boron derivative (1a) has also been tested in male albino rats.     

Depression in the cloud point of Tween in the presence of glycol additives and triblock polymers

Cloud point (C_P) measurements of Tween 20 and Tween 80 were carried out in the presence of various glycol oligomers and triblock polymers (TBP). The cloud points of both Tween 20 and 80 decrease in the presence of both types of additives. Among the glycol oligomeric additives, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether was found to reduce the C_P maximum. An increase in the repeating units of polymeric glycol additives leads to a decrease in C_P. Reduction in the C_P in the presence of TBP depends upon the increase in hydrophobic/hydrophilic ratio among the polypropylene to polyethylene units.     

Structural properties of rutherfordium: An ab-initio study

The structural and electronic properties of rutherfordium, the latest group IV B element, have been evaluated by first principles density functional theory in scalar relativistic formalism with and without spin-orbit coupling and compared with its 5d homologue Hf. It is found that Rf will crystallize in the hexagonal close packed structure as in Hf. However, under pressure, it will have different sequence of phase transitions than Hf: hcp→bcc instead of hcp→ω→bcc. An explanation is offered for this difference in terms of the competition between the band structure and the Ewald energy contributions.     

Experimental study and performance evaluation of various cook stove models based on energy and exergy analysis

This article presents the experimental study and comparative performance evaluation of four types of cook stoves using energy and exergy analysis. Analysis of four different types of cook stove models viz. Envirofit, Mangla, Harsha and Vikram were selected and the water boiling test has been carried out. The suitable biomass available from the local market was prepared in the proper size as described in the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and has been used as the fuel for cook stove in this experimental study. The aluminium pots of proper capacity as per BIS standard have been used for different cook stoves. The data from the experiments was collected and evaluated for the energy and exergy efficiencies for different models. Based on the data analysis it is found that the exergy efficiency is much lower than that of the energy efficiency for all the four models. It is also found that the both the efficiencies of Envirofit model are found to be higher than those of other models studied here.     

Magnesium ion transport in poly(ethylene oxide)-based polymer electrolyte containing plastic-crystalline succinonitrile

A new composition of magnesium (Mg)-ion-conducting polymer electrolyte comprising poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) complexed with Mg trifluoromethanesulfonate (Mg triflate or Mg(Tf)₂) containing different amounts of a nonionic plastic crystal succinonitrile (SN) has been prepared and characterized. High polarity and rotational disorder of the SN molecules in the plastic-crystalline phase, supports the enhancement of ionic conductivity of the PEO-Mg(Tf)₂ complex system, showing a maximum room temperature ionic conductivity of ～6?×?10^-4 S cm^?1 observed with the addition of 50 wt.% of SN. X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry suggest a substantial structural modification, decrease in crystallinity, and various interactions in the polymer electrolyte components due to addition of SN. The cyclic voltammetry, impedance, and dc polarization studies confirm the Mg-ion conduction in the PEO complex. The electrochemical potential window of the electrolyte, observed from the linear sweep voltammetry, is determined to be ～4.1 V. The performance characteristics of the SN-incorporated polymer electrolyte system indicate their potential applicability as electrolytes in ionic devices including Mg batteries.