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M. Zorn T. Trepk J.-T. Zettler B. Junno C. Meyne K. Knorr T. Wethkamp M. Klein M. Miller W. Richter L. Samuelson 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1997,65(3):333-339
Received: 14 July 1997/Accepted: 14 July 1997 相似文献
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Ismail S. Deppert K. Junno T. Kortegaard C. Larne H. Magnusson M.H. Thelander C. Samuelson L. 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2002,4(4):351-356
An atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to directly examine the physical state of nanometer-sized particles. The critical diameter of indium particles, where evidence of melting at room temperature was observed, was 7.8 ± 1.2nm. This conclusion is based on a method relying on the manipulation of particles in ambient air and at constant temperature. This method involves a simple set-up that permits a combination of both manipulation and imaging of individual particles. To determine whether a particle is molten, three criteria are used: the merging of particles to form bigger spherical particles, a tip-induced shape change, and the formation of nanofibers. All three criteria have been checked using other particle materials. An attempt at 56°C revealed oxidation of the indium particles as the major problem for melting investigation. Manipulations under high-purity nitrogen atmosphere support the validity of the findings. The use of the AFM to determine whether a nanoparticle is molten is, however, complicated by the oxidation issue. 相似文献
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