High-sensitive elemental analysis using multi-parameter coincidence spectrometer: GEMINI-II

In this study, using neutron activation analysis with multi-parameter coincidence method which was developed at Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), a non-destructive, ultra-high sensitive multi-elemental determination has been realized. The multi-parameter coincidence method is carried out with an array of 19 germanium detectors, GEMINI-II. Using this system, very weak γ-rays emitted from trace amounts of elements can be detected. The iridium concentration has been determined by means of neutron activation analysis with multi-parameter coincidence method for Cuban sediment samples across the K/T boundary strata.     

The Synthesis of 4-Decarboxy-4-phosphono-O-2-isooxacephems, -isopenams and -isooxacephems Containing Phosphorus at the 3-Position

Two new types of iso-oxacephems have been synthesized in which a phosphonate group replaces either the carboxyl group or C(3). The latter compound exists as a stable trialkoxyphosphonium ylide. Potassium thioacetate and O₂ in DMF are transformed in an autocatalytic, probably sulfur-catalyzed process to CH₃COOK and sulfur; the latter two reagents are sufficient to transform the methanesulfonate 7 to the isopenam 15 .     

N-Levulination of Guanosine

A procedure have been developed for the synthesis of the N-levulinoyl derivative of guanosine.     

Engineering a Cu‐MOF Nano‐Catalyst by using Post‐Synthetic Modification for the Preparation of 5‐Substituted 1H‐Tetrazoles

A new nano scale Cu‐MOF has been obtained via post‐synthetic metalation by immersing a Zn‐MOF as a template in DMF solutions of copper(II) salts. The Cu‐MOF serves as recyclable nano‐catalyst for the preparation of 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles via [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of various nitriles and sodium azide in a green medium (PEG). The post‐synthetic metalated MOF were characterized by FT‐IR spectroscopy, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) techniques. The morphology and size of the nano‐catalyst were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM).     

Computational-Based Approach for Predicting Porosity of Electrospun Nanofiber Mats Using Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network Methods

Comparative studies between response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) methods to find the effects of electrospinning parameters on the porosity of nanofiber mats is described. The four important electrospinning parameters studied included solution concentration (wt.%), applied voltage (kV), spinning distance (cm) and volume flow rate (mL/h). It was found that the applied voltage and solution concentration are the two critical parameters affecting the porosity of the nanofiber mats. The two approaches were compared for their modeling and optimization capabilities with the modeling capability of RSM showing superiority over ANN, having comparatively lower values of errors. The mean relative error for the RSM and ANN models were 1.97% and 2.62% and the root mean square errors (RMSE) were 1.50 and 1.95, respectively. The superiority of the RSM-based approach is due to its high prediction accuracy and the ability to compute the combined effects of the electrospinning factors on the porosity of the nanofiber mats.     

Novel marine-based gold nanocatalyst in solvent-free synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives: Green and sustainable protocol

We report an ecofriendly synthetic approach for the fabrication of biogenic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using electron-rich sea cucumber extract as a bio-reductant and stabilizing agent in reducing gold cations into AuNPs at the optimal conditions. The produced AuNPs are spherical in shape with an average particle size of 11 ± 1.5 nm in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and exhibited a crystal structure of face-centered cubic in X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Our results indicated that bioinspired AuNPs demonstrate superior catalytic activity in the safe and facile one-pot synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives under solvent-free reaction conditions. This green route encompasses multiple benefits including highly recyclable bioinspired catalyst (5 cycles), short reaction times, convenient workout, high to excellent product yields (82%–97%), and nonhazardous conditions.     

SBA-15-SO3H-assisted preparation of 4-aza-phenanthrene-3,10-dione derivatives via a one-pot,four-component reaction

Research on Chemical Intermediates - A novel four-component approach for the synthesis of 1-phenyl-1,4-dihydro-2H-9-oxa-4-aza-phenanthrene-3,10-dione derivatives has been presented via the reaction...