碰撞气体的种类和压力对离子阱质谱性能的影响

基于数字离子阱技术,研究了离子阱质谱分析实验过程使用的碰撞气体种类及压力对离子阱质谱性能,如质量分辨能力、信号强度、串级质谱分析,以及低质量截止效应等的影响.实验过程中,在离子的激发和碰撞诱导解离阶段,分别采用质量数不等的氦气(质量数=4 amu)、氮气(质量数=28 amu)、氩气(质量数=40 amu)等作为碰撞气体,以及不同的气体压力,研究了它们对质谱性能的影响.结果表明,当采用质量数较大的氩气作为碰撞气体时,可以有效改善低质量数截止效应和提高离子碰撞过程中的能量转移效率,同时提高离子捕获和解离效率,但是质量分辨率会明显降低.在获得较高质量分辨率方面,氦气作为碰撞气体时效果最好.在气压相同的情况下,质量数大的碰撞气体有利于提高串级质谱分析效率,即获得更多碎片离子峰和更多有关母体离子结构的信息.     

Some discussions about the variable separating method for solving nonlinear models

Through analysing the exact solution of some nonlinear models, the role of the variable separating method in solving nonlinear equations is discussed. We find that rich solution structures of some special fields of these equations come from the nonzero seed solution. However, these nonzero seed solutions is likely to result in the divergent phenomena for the other field component of the same equation. The convergence and the signification of all field components should be discussed when someone solves the nonlinear equation using the variable separating method.     

The Amomum tsao-ko Essential Oils Inhibited Inflammation and Apoptosis through p38/JNK MAPK Signaling Pathway and Alleviated Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

The clinical application of gentamicin may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), and the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin is related to the pathological mechanism of several oxidative and inflammatory cytokines. Plant-derived essential oils have good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to clarify the protective effect of Amomum tsao-ko essential oils (AOs) on gentamicin-induced AKI in rats and its possible mechanism. The rat AKI model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin. After 14 days of oral AO treatment, the renal function and pathological changes of the kidney tissues were evaluated, and the level of kidney tissue oxidative stress was detected. The content of inflammatory cytokines was measured by ELISA. The expression of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38, NF-κB, caspase-3, and Bax/Bcl-2 proteins were estimated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that taking AO reduced the contents of serum urea and creatinine in AKI rats and improve the pathological changes and oxidative stress of the kidney tissue in rats. At the same time, AO reduced inflammation and apoptosis during AKI by regulating the MAPK pathway. The data show that AO has a protective effect on the kidneys and may be a potential drug for treating kidney injury.     

Similarity Reductions and Painlev6 Properties for the Kupershmidt Equations

Five types of similarity reductions of the Kupershmidt equations which admit a tri-Hamiltonian structure are found by a direct method. Two types of reduction equations which are Painlevé Ⅱ and IV types are coincident with those obtained by classical Lie approach. Both algebraic and logarithmic branch points for time t can be entered into the solutions of Kupershmidt equations. The integrability of the Kupershmidt equations is re-examined by the singularity analysis using the Weiss-Kruskal approach and the A blowitz-Ramani-Segur algorithm.     

Abundant Symmetry Structures of the Breaking Soliton Equation

differential equation is treated as an alternative way. For a breaking soliton equation which possesses a (1 + 1)-dimensional-like recursion operator, six sets of generalized symmetries are explicitly given. It is known that the truncated formal series symmetries of the KP and Toda equations constitute the generalized W_∞ algebra. From this paper we find that the generalized W_∞ algebra can also be realized by means of the nontruncated formal series symmetries.     

Infinitely Many Symmetries of Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky Equation

A set of generalized symmetries with arbitrary functions of t for the Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky (KD)equation in 2 1 space dimensions is given by using a direct method called formal function series method presented by Lou. These symmetries constitute an infinite-dimensional generalized w∞ algebra.     

General Symmetry Approach to Solve Variable—Coefficient Nonlinear Equations

After considering the variable coefficient of a nonlinear equation as a new dependent variable,some special types of variable-coefficient equation can be solved from the corresponding constant-coefficient equations by using the general classical Lie approach.Taking the nonlinear Schrodinger equation as a concrete example,the method is recommended in detail.     

Tracking the dissolution–recrystallization structural transformation (DRST) of copper(II) complexes: a combined crystallographic,mass spectrometric and DFT study

Methanol‐ and temperature‐induced dissolution–recrystallization structural transformation (DRST) was observed among two novel Cu^II complexes. This is first time that the combination of X‐ray crystallography, mass spectrometry and density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculations has been used to describe the fragmentation and recombination of a mononuclear Cu^II complex at 60 °C in methanol to obtain a binuclear copper(II) complex. Combining time‐dependent high‐resolution electrospray mass spectrometry, we propose a possible mechanism for the conversion of bis(8‐methoxyquinoline‐κ²N,O)bis(thiocyanato‐κN)copper(II), [Cu(NCS)₂(C₁₀H₉NO)₂], Cu1 , to di‐μ‐methanolato‐κ⁴O:O‐bis[(8‐methoxyquinoline‐κ²N,O)(thiocyanato‐κN)copper(II)], [Cu₂(CH₃O)₂(NCS)₂(C₁₀H₉NO)₂], Cu2 , viz. [Cu(SCN)₂( L )₂] ( Cu1 ) → [Cu( L )₂] → [Cu( L )]/ L → [Cu₂(CH₃O)₂(NCS)₂( L )₂] ( Cu2 ). We screened the antitumour activities of L (8‐methoxyquinoline), Cu1 and Cu2 and found that the antiproliferative effect of Cu2 on some tumour cells was much greater than that of L and Cu1 .     

Supramolecular Polymer Ion Conductor with Weakened Li Ion Solvation Enables Room Temperature All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries

Improved durability, enhanced interfacial stability, and room temperature applicability are desirable properties for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs), yet these desired properties are rarely achieved simultaneously. Here, in this work, it is noticed that the huge resistance at Li metal/electrolyte interface dominantly impeded the normal cycling of ASSLMBs especially at around room temperature (<30 °C). Accordingly, a supramolecular polymer ion conductor (SPC) with “weak solvation” of Li⁺ was prepared. Benefiting from the halogen-bonding interaction between the electron-deficient iodine atom (on 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene) and electron-rich oxygen atoms (on ethylene oxide), the O-Li⁺ coordination was significantly weakened. Therefore, the SPC achieves rapid Li⁺ transport with high Li⁺ transference number, and importantly, derives a unique Li₂O-rich SEI with low interfacial resistance on lithium metal surface, therefore enabling stable cycling of ASSLMBs even down to 10 °C. This work is a new exploration of halogen-bonding chemistry in solid polymer electrolyte and highlights the importance of “weak solvation” of Li⁺ in the solid-state electrolyte for room temperature ASSLMBs.     

Study of Exact Solutions to Cubic-Quintic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation in Optical Soliton Communication

A systematic method which is based on the classical Lie group reduction is used to find the novel exact solution of the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (CQNLS) with varying dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain or absorption. Algebraic solitary-wave as well as kink-type solutions in three kinds of optical fibers represented by coefficient varying CQNLS equations are studied in detail. Some new exact solutions of optical solitary wave with a simple analytic form in these models are presented. Appropriate solitary wave solutions are applied to discuss soliton propagation in optical fibres, and the amplification and compression of pulses in optical fibre amplifiers.