Chemosensors for the marine toxin saxitoxin

Eleven anthracylmethyl crown ethers have been synthesized and evaluated as fluorescence sensors for the marine toxin saxitoxin. Fluorescence enhancement data are consistent with a 1:1 binding complex for all crowns. The binding constants are in the range of 10(4) M(-)(1) in ammonium phosphate buffer (pH 7.1) in 80% ethanol solvent. Selectivity for sensing saxitoxin versus several organic analytes has been demonstrated for the first time. Possible modes of binding are presented, and relevance to saxitoxin monitoring programs are discussed.     

A Titration Microcalorimetric Study of the Effects of Halide Counterions on Vesicle-Forming Aggregation in Aqueous Solution of Branched-Chain Alkylpyridinium Surfactants

Titration microcalorimetry is used to study the influences of iodide, bromide, and chloride counterions on the aggregation of vesicle-forming 1-methyl-4-(2-pentylheptyl)pyridinium halide surfactants. Formation of vesicles by these surfactants was characterised using transmission electron microscopy. When the counterion is changed at 303 K through the series iodide, bromide, to chloride, the critical vesicular concentration (cvc) increases and the enthalpy of vesicle formation changes from exo- to endothermic. With increase in temperature to 333 K, vesicle formation becomes strongly exothermic. Increasing the temperature leads to a decrease in enthalpy and entropy of vesicle formation for all three surfactants. However the standard Gibbs energy for vesicle formation is, perhaps surprisingly, largely unaffected by an increase in temperature, as a consequence of a compensating change in both standard entropy and standard enthalpy of vesicle formation. Interestingly, standard isobaric heat capacities of vesicle formation are negative, large in magnitude but not strikingly dependent on the counterion. We conclude that the driving force for vesicle formation can be understood in terms of overlap of the thermally labile hydrophobic hydration shells of the alkyl chains. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Effects of Adsorbed Polyaniline on Redox Process on MoO3 Surface

The effects exhibited by adsorbed conducting polyaniline on the redox process on a molybdenum oxide surface were studied. Thermogravimetric results indicate a 4% polyaniline deposition. Cyclic voltammograms of the adsorbed polymer on MoO3 show that polyaniline exerts remarkable effects on the molybdenum blue oxidation-reduction process, with oxidation and reduction potentials of 0.33 and 0.18 V, respectively. This effect strongly enhances the electrode response, and can be used as an important tool in qualitative and/or quantitative determinations of molybdenum in solution as well as in any substrate. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.     

钛硅沸石分子筛TiMCM-41的微波合成与表征

ＭＣＭ４１分子筛是一类以表面活性剂季铵碱或季铵盐为模板剂,液晶模板机理合成,孔道六方有序排列,孔径大小可在１６～１０ｎｍ范围内调节的新颖中孔硅铝分子筛材料．在多相催化、离子交换、吸附分离以及高等无机材料等领域具有较高的工程应用与学术研究价值［１］...     

催化裂化轻汽油及醚化产品的气相色谱分析

1引言催化裂化轻汽油醚化工艺将催化裂化汽油中的叔碳烯烃转化为甲基叔烷基醚,不但可以提高辛烷值,增加含氧量,还可以降低蒸汽压和烯烃含量,因而是生产环境友好汽油的理想工艺。在催化裂化轻汽油醚化工艺的研究过程中,原料与产品需要快速准确的分析手段。本文采用气相色谱／质谱法（GC／MS）结合标准样对照法进行定性,根据采用自制的标准样测定的甲醇和醚类的相对重量校正因子进行定量分析,取得了满意的结果,为试验研究和工业生产提供了一种快速准确的分析方法。2实验部分2．1仪器与试剂MAT90型GC/MS联用仪（德国菲尼根公司）…