111In–L–LDL and 153Gd–L–LDL as radiotracers for detection of AR4‐2J rat pancreatic tumors

Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor prognosis, due, in part, to lack of methods for early diagnosis. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential of labeling low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) with a radionuclide using a lipid chelating agent, bis(stearylamide) of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (L), to detect pancreatic tumors by gamma‐scintigraphy. Previous studies indicated that the difficulty of visualization of pancreatic tumors was due to their poor vascularization. This study compares the ability of two radiotracers, ¹¹¹In–L–LDL and ¹⁵³Gd–L–LDL to target highly vascularized rat pancreatic tumors (AR4‐2J) implanted in nude mice. Biodistribution studies showed that the tumor uptake of ¹¹¹In–L–LDL and ¹⁵³Gd–L–LDL tracers was twofold and fivefold higher respectively than with the controls (¹¹¹In citrate and ¹⁵³Gd citrate respectively). These tracers would thus be suitable for scintigraphic imaging. We show here that LDL could be employed as a delivery system for tracers such as ¹¹¹In or ¹⁵³Gd when these two radionuclides are complexed by a lipid‐chelating anchor, and that ¹¹¹In–L–LDL and ¹⁵³Gd–L–LDL enabled better visualization of the pancreatic tumor tissues, with a better result with ¹⁵³Gd–L–LDL. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Absorption of carbon tetrafluoride at 16 μm. Analysis of the ν4 band

The absorption spectrum of ¹²CF₄ was recorded between 595 and 670 cm^?1 with a resolution of 0.010 cm^?1. About 900 line clusters belonging to the ν₄ band were assigned, ranging from P(70) to R(70). A linear least-squares fit on 867 of these data led to six significant spectroscopic constants, allowing to reproduce the experimental wavenumbers with an overall standard deviation of 0.003 cm^?1.     

Analysis of the ν3 band of 12CH3D at 7.6 μm

The previously reported (J. Mol. Spectrosc.68, 195–222 (1977)) study of the CH₃D spectrum occurring at 1033–1270 cm^?1 which was mainly concerned with the ν₆ fundamental has now been extended to cover the region 1270–1420 cm^?1. In all, 342 transitions belonging to the ν₃ band are now assigned. Both the ν₃ and ν₆ bands are processed simultaneously taking into account of the Coriolis interaction between them, and the fitting of all the experimental data led to 21 significant spectroscopic constants for the states v₆= 1 and v₃ = 1 of CH₃D.     

Edge-forwarding index of star graphs and other Cayley graphs

We present a technique for building, in some Cayley graphs, a routing for which the load of every edge is almost the same. This technique enables us to find the edge-forwarding index of star graphs and complete-transposition graphs.     

The influence of the entrance channel mass asymmetry on the reaction mechanism

We have tried to investigate the influence of the entrance channel mass asymmetry on the reaction mechanisms associated with heavy ion collisions. Two systems, one very much asymmetric (O+Mo) and the other one almost symmetric (Cr+Fe), were studied in detail by measuring evaporation residues, deep inelastic collision products and fission fragments. An important fraction of the fragments observed in the Cr+Fe system exhibits all the characteristics of fission fragments. The analysis of these data seems to indicate that these fission like products are most likely emitted by a long lived composite system having not reached full statistical equilibrium for all the degrees of freedom. As a consequence, the fusion cross section for this symmetric system is too low as compared to predictions based on a critical distance approach for fusion, whereas the asymmetric system (O+Mo) is well understood in term of the same model.     

Evaporation residue cross sections in complete fusion reactions between52Cr-56Fe,63Cu-Ni and63Cu-Ag

Evaporation residue cross sections have been measured by the technique of the telescopeΔE ·E counter at very small angles. The angular distribution has been followed down to 2°15′, and rather precise values were obtained for that fraction of the compound nucleus decay after complete fusion for the systems⁶³Cu+Ni,⁶³Cu+Ag and⁵²Cr+⁵⁶Fe at two bombarding energies. A comparison has been done with evaporation calculations using the code ALICE, and the rotating liquid drop concept. It is shown that a large discrepancy occurs at low energy for these heavy projectiles. The origin of this difference is discussed.     

Peripheral Ar induced reactions at 44 MeV/u — similarities and deviations with respect to a high energy fragmentation process

Peripheral Ar reactions induced at GANIL at 44 MeV/u have been analyzed in the framework of the high energy fragmentation model. Several deviations from this model have been interpreted as due to the persistence of some collective effects at this intermediate energy.     

Analysis of the absorption spectrum of 12CD4 between 2180 and 2320 cm−1. Comparative study of ν3 and 2ν3

The high-resolution spectrum of the ν₃ band of ¹²CD₄ has been recorded and analyzed. Corresponding to 367 allowed transitions of this band, 218 lines have been identified between 2180 and 2320 cm^?1. Twelve significant spectral constants have been determined in such a way as to reproduce the spectrum with a standard deviation equal to 7 × 10^?3 cm^?1.A comparative analysis between the present results on ν₃ and those obtained by K. Fox [J. Mol. Spectrosc.9, 381 (1962)] for 2ν₃ showed that the interaction between the two sub-levels E and F₂ of the v₃ = 2 state produces a significant effect of the second order and enabled us to determine the interval between these sublevels, i.e., 20 T₃₃ ～ 30 cm^?1.