Geometrizing Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

We propose a new approach to describe quantum mechanics as a manifestation of non-Euclidean geometry. In particular, we construct a new geometrical space that we shall call Qwist. A Qwist space has a extra scalar degree of freedom that ultimately will be identified with quantum effects. The geometrical properties of Qwist allow us to formulate a geometrical version of the uncertainty principle. This relativistic uncertainty relation unifies the position-momentum and time-energy uncertainty principles in a unique relation that recover both of them in the non-relativistic limit.     

Cosmology from a gauge induced gravity

The main goal of the present work is to analyze the cosmological scenario of the induced gravity theory developed in previous works. Such a theory consists on a Yang–Mills theory in a four-dimensional Euclidian spacetime with \({ SO}(m,n)\) such that \(m+n=5\) and \(m\in \{0,1,2\}\) as its gauge group. This theory undergoes a dynamical gauge symmetry breaking via an Inönü–Wigner contraction in its infrared sector. As a consequence, the \({ SO}(m,n)\) algebra is deformed into a Lorentz algebra with the emergency of the local Lorentz symmetries and the gauge fields being identified with a vierbein and a spin connection. As a result, gravity is described as an effective Einstein–Cartan-like theory with ultraviolet correction terms and a propagating torsion field. We show that the cosmological model associated with this effective theory has three different regimes. In particular, the high curvature regime presents a de Sitter phase which tends towards a \(\Lambda \)CDM model. We argue that \({ SO}(m,n)\) induced gravities are promising effective theories to describe the early phase of the universe.     

Angular distributions of muon pairs produced by 194 GeV/c negative pions

We present the angular distributions of muon pairs obtained in a high-statistics experiment using a 194-GeV/c π^- impinging on a tungsten target. Our results are based on the analysis of 145,000 events with positive Feynmanx and mass above 4.07 GeV/c², excluding the ? region. Simple first-order QCD relations allow us to determine the ratio of annihilation with hard-gluon emission to the sum of annihilation with hard-gluon emission and hard-gluon Compton scattering, which is found to be about 58% to 75%. We determine the parton square intrinsic transverse momenta to be of the order of 0.6 (GeV/c)², and about 30% larger in the pion than in the nucleon. At largex ₁, our data agree with the higher-twist hypothesis, and support the interpretation of the relevant scale parameter as the dimuon square transverse momentum.     

Nonlocal effects in black body radiation

Nonlocal electrodynamics is a formalism developed to include nonlocal effects in the measurement process in order to account for the impossibility of instantaneous measurement of physical fields. This theory modifies Maxwell's electrodynamics by eliminating the hypothesis of locality that assumes an accelerated observer simultaneously equivalent to a comoving inertial frame of reference. In this scenario, the transformation between an inertial and accelerated observer is generalized which affects the properties of physical fields. In particular, we analyze how an uniformly accelerated observer perceives a homogeneous and isotropic black body radiation. We show that all nonlocal effects are transient and most relevant in the first period of acceleration.

     

Dilaton Quantum Cosmology with a Schrödinger-like Equation

A quantum cosmological model with radiation and a dilaton scalar field is analyzed. The Wheeler–DeWitt equation in the minisuperspace induces a Schrödinger equation, which can be solved. An explicit wavepacket is constructed for a particular choice of the ordering factor. A consistent solution is possible only when the scalar field is a phantom field. Moreover, although the wavepacket is time-dependent, a Bohmian analysis allows to extract a bouncing behavior for the scale factor.     

Production of γ by 194 GeV/c negative pions on tungsten

On the basis of 2000 ?, ?′ and ?″ events obtained in π^?-W interactions at 194 GeV/c we extract a value for the cross section times the branching ratio of B_μμσ = (0.96±0.04±0.17) pb nucleon^?1. The $\text{(?′ + ?″)}\text{?}$ ratio is found to be 0.53 ± 0.19. The observed differential x_F and P_T distributions are compared with those of the Drell-Yan continuum, and the cross section and the x_F distribution are compared with theoretical predictions.     

Regular Bouncing Solutions,Energy Conditions,and the Brans—Dicke Theory

JETP Letters - In general, to avoid a singularity in cosmological models involves the introduction of exotic kind of matter fields, for example, a scalar field with negative energy density. In...