Achievements in the field of proton-conductive portion electrolyte membranes

The 2000–2006 achievements in the field of synthesis, property examination, and application of proton-exchange membranes are reviewed on the basis of more than 120 papers.     

Rb[C6H3(COOH)2(COO–)] · [C6H3(COOH)3] · 2H2O: Synthesis,Crystal Structure,and Properties

The salt Rb[C₆H₃(COO)₂(^–)] · [C₆H₃(COOH)₃] · 2H₂O (I) of trimesic acid was synthesized and its thermal stability and conductivity (10^–11 ohm^–1 cm^–1 at 298 K) were measured. Molecular and crystal structures of I were established by X-ray diffraction analysis. Hydrogen bonding system in complex I was detected by IR and Raman spectroscopies. X-ray diffraction data agree with vibration spectroscopy data.     

Electrocatalytic properties of the catalysts based on carbon nanofibers with various platinum contents

The catalysts on carbon nanofibers with various platinum contents were synthesized. The morphology, resistance to oxidation, and electrochemical behavior of the catalysts in the reactions that occur in fuel cells were studied. The dependence of the specific output of cathodes of hydrogen—air fuel cells on the sizes of the platinum clusters was established.     

Reference electrodes for low-temperature gas sensors

The behavior of sodium oxide bronzes in contact with sodium-conducting solid electrolytes in atmospheres of oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and humid air was investigated. The exchange currents at the Na_xCoO_y/NASICON interface was determined. It is shown that among the sodium-cobalt oxide bronzes the β-phase of the composition Na_0.6CoO₂ is the most reversible one (exchange current 236 μA/cm²). Paper presented at the 1st Euroconference on Solid State Ionics, Zakynthos, Greece, 11–18 Sept. 1994     

Relaxation electrochemical noise of Li/SOCl2 and Li/MnO2 primary batteries

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Electrochemical noise measurements were carried out on commercially available Li/SOCl2 and Li/MnO2 primary batteries during relaxation following removal of...     

The Structure and Properties of Phenol-2,4-disulfonic Acid Dihydrate

The crystal and molecular structure of phenol-2,4-disulfonic acid dihydrate was determined by X-ray structure analysis. All hydrogen positions in the crystal structure were found using difference Fourier syntheses. Oxonium cations and acid anions were linked in the crystal structure by short H-bonds, and the phenol OH group participated in two weak H-bonds with sulfo group oxygens simultaneously. The IR frequency corresponding to ν_{s, as} (H₃O⁺) vibrations decreased to 2700 cm^?1 under the influence of short H-bonds between oxonium cations and anions. The contour of the corresponding absorption band became anomalously broad. A discrete maximum was observed at 3412 cm^?1 on the high-frequency wing of this band; this maximum was assigned to OH stretching vibrations of the phenol group. The protonic conductivity of the compound measured by impedance spectroscopy was 2.5 × 10^?6 Ω^?1 cm^?1 at 298 K in a vacuum, E _a = 0.37 ± 0.01 eV. An increase in the humidity of the environment to 15% at room temperature increased conductivity from 10^?6 to 10^?5 Ω^?1 cm^?1, E _a = 0.27 ± 0.02 eV.     

Elimination of Diurnal,Annual, and Solar Variations in the Matrix Observations of the URAGAN Muon Hodoscope

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - A method for elimination of periodical diurnal, annual, and 27-day and 11-year solar variations in the matrix observations of the URAGAN muon hodoscope was developed. The...