排序方式: 共有17条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
We demonstrate that a technique is available to investigate glycoprotein synthesis in organ cultures of human breast and prostate surgical specimens where the 3-dimensional epithelial cell arrangement remains intact. Malignant breast and prostate epithelium maintained their capacity to synthesize glycoproteins for at least 3 days as followed by the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine into macromolecules. Over 70% of incorporation was by malignant cells as judged by autoradiography. Labeled glycoproteins were released into glandular lumina and consequently into the culture fluid. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed predominantly one group of macrmolecules released with an apparent molecular weight of 48,000 +/- 6,000 daltons. This glycoprotein was found in all of the breast specimens studied, which included 1 medullary, 1 infiltrating lobular, and 8 infiltrating duct carcinomas. The pattern was independent of the availability of estrogen receptors. A similar glycoprotein was also observed in the culture media from a Grade I and a Grade II well-differentiated infiltrating prostate carcinoma. Incorporation was below the level of detection in 4 of 6 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia. A more complex pattern of labeled glycoproteins was found in the media of a Grade II and a Grade III poorly-differentiated prostate carcinoma. The established human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 synthesized and released a similar 48,000 molecular weight glycoprotein but additional components with larger molecular weights were also released. An intriguing interpretation that 3-dimensional tissue integrity restricts some glycoprotein synthesis is discussed. Cells grown in 2-dimensional monolayers could escape from such a topographic restriction and express additional families of glycoproteins. 相似文献
2.
M. Sc. Markus Warnke Tobias Jung Dr. Juri Dermer Karin Hipp Dr. Nico Jehmlich Prof. Dr. Martin von Bergen Sascha Ferlaino Dr. Alexander Fries Prof. Dr. Michael Müller Prof. Dr. Matthias Boll 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2016,55(5):1881-1884
The hydroxylation of vitamin D3 (VD3, cholecalciferol) side chains to give 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHVD3) is a crucial reaction in the formation of the circulating and biologically active forms of VD3. It is usually catalyzed by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases that depend on complex electron donor systems. Cell‐free extracts and a purified Mo enzyme from a bacterium anaerobically grown with cholesterol were employed for the regioselective, ferricyanide‐dependent hydroxylation of VD3 and proVD3 (7‐dehydrocholesterol) into the corresponding tertiary alcohols with greater than 99 % yield. Hydroxylation of VD3 strictly depends on a cyclodextrin‐assisted isomerization of VD3 into preVD3, the actual enzymatic substrate. This facile and robust method developed for 25OHVD3 synthesis is a novel example for the concept of substrate‐engineered catalysis and offers an attractive alternative to chemical or O2 /electron‐donor‐dependent enzymatic procedures. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
Ackermann M Ajello M Albert A Atwood WB Baldini L Ballet J Barbiellini G Bastieri D Bechtol K Bellazzini R Berenji B Blandford RD Bloom ED Bonamente E Borgland AW Bregeon J Brigida M Bruel P Buehler R Burnett TH Buson S Caliandro GA Cameron RA Cañadas B Caraveo PA Casandjian JM Cecchi C Charles E Chekhtman A Chiang J Ciprini S Claus R Cohen-Tanugi J Conrad J Cutini S de Angelis A de Palma F Dermer CD Digel SW do Couto e Silva E Drell PS Drlica-Wagner A Falletti L Favuzzi C Fegan SJ Ferrara EC 《Physical review letters》2011,107(24):241302
Satellite galaxies of the Milky Way are among the most promising targets for dark matter searches in gamma rays. We present a search for dark matter consisting of weakly interacting massive particles, applying a joint likelihood analysis to 10 satellite galaxies with 24 months of data of the Fermi Large Area Telescope. No dark matter signal is detected. Including the uncertainty in the dark matter distribution, robust upper limits are placed on dark matter annihilation cross sections. The 95% confidence level upper limits range from about 10(-26) cm3 s(-1) at 5 GeV to about 5×10(-23) cm3 s(-1) at 1 TeV, depending on the dark matter annihilation final state. For the first time, using gamma rays, we are able to rule out models with the most generic cross section (~3×10(-26) cm3 s(-1) for a purely s-wave cross section), without assuming additional boost factors. 相似文献
6.
Measurement of separate cosmic-ray electron and positron spectra with the fermi large area telescope
Ackermann M Ajello M Allafort A Atwood WB Baldini L Barbiellini G Bastieri D Bechtol K Bellazzini R Berenji B Blandford RD Bloom ED Bonamente E Borgland AW Bouvier A Bregeon J Brigida M Bruel P Buehler R Buson S Caliandro GA Cameron RA Caraveo PA Casandjian JM Cecchi C Charles E Chekhtman A Cheung CC Chiang J Ciprini S Claus R Cohen-Tanugi J Conrad J Cutini S de Angelis A de Palma F Dermer CD Digel SW do Couto E Silva E Drell PS Drlica-Wagner A Favuzzi C Fegan SJ Ferrara EC Focke WB Fortin P 《Physical review letters》2012,108(1):011103
We measured separate cosmic-ray electron and positron spectra with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Because the instrument does not have an onboard magnet, we distinguish the two species by exploiting Earth's shadow, which is offset in opposite directions for opposite charges due to Earth's magnetic field. We estimate and subtract the cosmic-ray proton background using two different methods that produce consistent results. We report the electron-only spectrum, the positron-only spectrum, and the positron fraction between 20 and 200?GeV. We confirm that the fraction rises with energy in the 20-100?GeV range. The three new spectral points between 100 and 200?GeV are consistent with a fraction that is continuing to rise with energy. 相似文献
7.
A structural failure problem was solved using an integrated and iterative program of testing and analysis. The steps taken in solving the problem were: analytical calculations; operational testing; qualifications of analytical results; problem identification; design of corrective action; and confirmatory testing. 相似文献
8.
We have measured the attenuation of 4 and 12 MHz longitudinal and transverse sound in solid CD4 between 4 and 77 K. Absolute values for absorption at 77 K were determined from the variation in output amplitude as the length of the solid was reduced. As temperature is varied, the excess attenuation over a constant background undergoes maxima in the vicinity of the phase transitions at 22.1 and 27.0 K. The peak around the upper transition, which involves orientational ordering but not structural change, does not obey all the criteria of a single-relaxation model, but that model produces useful information on the hindering of molecular reorientation near the transition temperature, consistent with inferences drawn from thermal expansion measurements. Neither a relaxation model nor a critical-exponent model fits the attenuation data for the lower transition, in which both orientational and structural changes are now known to occur. 相似文献
9.
We have performed extensive small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) diffraction studies of the vortex lattice in single crystal
YNi2B2C for B‖c. High-resolution SANS, combined with a field-oscillation vortex lattice preparation technique, allows us to separate Bragg
scattered intensities from two orthogonal domains and accurately determine the unit cell angle, β. The data suggest that upon increasing field there is a finite transition width where both low- and high-field distorted
hexagonal vortex lattice phases, mutually rotated by 45°, coexist. The smooth variation of diffracted intensity from each
phase through the transition corresponds to a redistribution of populations between the two types of domains. 相似文献
10.