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In quasi-steady operation, convection currents in a Bridgmandevice, used for producing a semi-conductor crystal, createinhomogeneities that may make the crystal unusable. It has oftenbeen suggested that additional forces due to rotation or magnetismmight be efficacious in reducing the segregation of the elementsof the alloy. It has been found that, over a wide range of rotationrates, there is no improvement in performance due to rotationabout the vertical axis. However, numerical results that havebeen obtained previously (Lee & Pearlstein, J. Crys. Growth240, 2002) indicate that, when effects of centrifugal buoyancyare introduced, a substantial reduction in segregation is achieved.In the work reported here, by contrast, in which we extend previouslarge-Rayleigh-number asymptotic analysis to include centrifugalbuoyancy, we find no improvement in radial segregation, butrather increasing segregation with increasing rotation rate. 相似文献
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Ahmed Waqar Chowdhury Z. Z. Kazi S. N. Johan MR. Akram Naveed Oon C. S. Abdelrazek Ali H. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2021,144(4):1517-1534
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - In recent decades, the growth of heat transfer using nanomaterials in the conventional base fluid has caught the attention of researchers... 相似文献
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S.D. Gopal Ram G. Ravi MR. Manikandan T. Mahalingam M. Anbu Kulandainathan 《Superlattices and Microstructures》2011,50(4):296-302
In the present work, a controlled growth of ZnO nanostructures by manipulating Zn metal ion concentration by the chelating action of ethylene diaminetetra acetic acid in hydrothermal method is studied. EDTA produces metal–chelate complex by the formation of bidentate ligand with Zn2+ in the solution and diminishes the reactivity of Zn metal cations. Concentration of EDTA in the mother solution was varied in different ranges like 3, 5 and 10 mM while retaining the zinc metal salt and the NaOH concentration the same. Three different morphologies of wurtzite structured ZnO nanostructures such as nanorods-bunch, separate/discrete uniformly sized hexagonal nanorods and tapered flower petals like shapes are achieved by 3, 5 and 10 mM strengths of EDTA, respectively. The medium concentration 5 mM of EDTA is found to have moderate control over producing ZnO nanostructures of uniform diameter and a high aspect (length to diameter) ratio. An array of vertically aligned free standing ZnO nanorods with uniform spacing is successfully achieved by the addition of 5 mM of EDTA in the mother solution and the same is studied for its fluorescence property at an excitation of 325 nm and it has exhibited a characteristic UV emission of ZnO around 383 nm. 相似文献
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M. Convery W. L. Davis K. DelSignore T. L. Jenkins E. Kangas M. Knepley K. L. Kowalski C. C. Taylor C. H. Wang S. H. Oh W. D. Walker P. L. Colestock B. Hanna M. A. Martens J. M. Streets R. C. Ball H. R. Gustafson L. W. Jones M. J. Longo J. D. Bjorken N. Morgan C. Pruneau 《Il Nuovo Cimento C》1996,19(6):1045-1049
Summary A small experiment, ?MiniMax?, has been set up in the C0 intersection region of the Fermilab Tevatron to seek evidence for
disoriented chiral condensates and to study other forward physics phenomena. The experiment consists of a proportional wire
chamber telescope accompanied by scintillation (trigger) counters, a lead converter, and followed by an electromagnetic calorimeter.
The solid angle accepted is a cone centered at pseudorapidity (η) of 4.1 and of radius (in η-ϕ space) of about 0.6. Over 2.5
million events thus far have demonstrated the successful operation of the apparatus, however to date the analysis has not
progressed sufficiently to permit any conclusions concerning disoriented chiral condensates.
presented byL. W. Jones
Paper presented at the Special Session on very high-energy cosmic-ray interactions (superfamilies) of the XXIV International
Cosmic-Ray Conference, Rome, August 28–September 8, 1995. 相似文献
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Abe K Abe K Abe T Adam I Akimoto H Aston D Baird KG Baltay C Band HR Barklow TL Bauer JM Bellodi G Berger R Blaylock G Bogart JR Bower GR Brau JE Breidenbach M Bugg WM Burke D Burnett TH Burrows PN Calcaterra A Cassell R Chou A Cohn HO Coller JA Convery MR Cook V Cowan RF Crawford G Damerell CJ Daoudi M de Groot N de Sangro R Dong DN Doser M Dubois R Erofeeva I Eschenburg V Fahey S Falciai D Fernandez JP Flood K Frey R Hart EL Hasuko K Hertzbach SS Huffer ME Huynh X Iwasaki M Jackson DJ 《Physical review letters》2003,90(14):141804
We present an improved direct measurement of the parity-violation parameter A(b) in the Z boson-b-quark coupling using a self-calibrating track-charge technique applied to a sample enriched in Z-->bb events via the topological reconstruction of the B hadron mass. Manipulation of the Stanford Linear Collider electron-beam polarization permits the measurement of A(b) to be made independently of other Z-pole coupling parameters. From the 1996-1998 sample of 400,000 hadronic Z decays, produced with an average beam polarization of 73.4%, we find A(b)=0.906+/-0.022(stat)+/-0.023(syst). 相似文献
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What is new in the field of neutrino detection? In addition to new projects probing both the low and high ends of the neutrino energy scale, an inexpensive, effective technique is being developed to allow tagging of antineutrinos in water Cherenkov (WC) detectors via the addition to water of a solute with a large neutron cross-section and energetic γ daughters. Gadolinium is an excellent candidate since in recent years it has become very inexpensive, now less than $8 per kilogram in the form of commercially available gadolinium trichloride. This non-toxic, non-reactive substance is highly soluble in water. Neutron capture on gadolinium yields an 8.0 MeV gamma cascade easily seen in detectors like Super-Kamiokande. The uses of GdCl3 as a possible upgrade for the Super-Kamiokande detector — with a view toward improving its performance as an antineutrino detector for supernova neutrinos and reactor neutrinos — are discussed, as are the ongoing R&;D efforts which aim to make this dream a reality within the next two years. 相似文献
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Abe K Abe K Abe T Adam I Akimoto H Aston D Baird KG Baltay C Band HR Barklow TL Bauer JM Bellodi G Berger R Blaylock G Bogart JR Bower GR Brau JE Breidenbach M Bugg WM Burke D Burnett TH Burrows PN Calcaterra A Cassell R Chou A Cohn HO Coller JA Convery MR Cook V Cowan RF Crawford G Damerell CJ Daoudi M de Groot N de Sangro R Dong DN Doser M Dubois R Erofeeva I Eschenburg V Fahey S Falciai D Fernandez JP Flood K Frey R Hart EL Hasuko K Hertzbach SS Huffer ME Huynh X Iwasaki M Jackson DJ 《Physical review letters》2002,88(15):151801
The parity violation parameters A(b) and A(c) of the Zb(b) and Zc(c) couplings have been measured directly, using the polar angle dependence of the polarized cross sections at the Z(0) pole. Bottom and charmed hadrons were tagged via their semileptonic decays. Both the electron and muon analyses take advantage of new multivariate techniques to increase the analyzing power. Based on the 1993-1998 SLD sample of 550,000 Z(0) decays produced with highly polarized electron beams, we measure A(b) = 0.919+/-0.030(stat)+/-0.024(syst), and A(c) = 0.583+/-0.055(stat)+/-0.055(syst). 相似文献