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Johanna Sabine Becker Jochen Westheide Anatolij I. Saprykin Horst Holzbrecher Uwe Breuer Hans -Joachim Dietze 《Mikrochimica acta》1997,125(1-4):153-160
For the determination of trace impurities in ceramic components of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), some mass spectrometric methods have been applied such as spark source mass spectrometry (SSMS), laser ionization mass spectrometry (LIMS), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Due to a lack of suitable standard reference materials for quantifying of analytical results on La
x
Sr
y
MnO3 cathode material a matrix-matched synthetic standard-high purity initial compounds doped with trace elements-was prepared in order to determine the relative sensitivity coefficients in SSMS and LA-ICP-MS. Radiofrequency glow discharge mass spectrometry (rf-GDMS) was developed for trace analysis and depth profiling of thick non-conducting layers. Surface analytical techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and sputtered neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS), were used to determine the element distribution on surfaces (homogeneity) and the surface contaminants of SOFC ceramic layers.Dedicated to Professor Dr. rer. nat. Hubertus Nickel on the occasion of his 65th birthday 相似文献
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Breuer U Holzbrecher H Gastel M Becker JS Dietze HJ 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1995,353(3-4):372-377
For the quantification of heterostructure depth profiles the knowledge of relative sensitivity factors (RSF) and the influence of matrix effects on the measured profiles is necessary. Matrix dependencies of the measured ion intensities have been investigated for sputtered neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) and MCs(+)-SIMS. The use of Cs as primary ions for SNMS is advantageous compared to Ar because the depth resolution is improved without changing RSFs determined under Ar bombardment. No significant amount of molecules has been found in the SNMS spectra under Cs bombardment. Using MCs(+)-SIMS the RSFs are matrix dependent. An improvement of depth resolution can be achieved by biasing the sample against the primary ion beam for SNMS due to a reduction of the net energy of the primary ions and a resulting more gracing impact angle. 相似文献
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Clemens D Vosberg V Hobbs W Breuer U Quadakkers WJ Nickel H 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1996,355(5-6):703-706
The effect of Si addition on the oxidation behaviour of NiCrAlY alloys in the temperature range 950 bis 1100 degrees C has been investigated. During isothermal oxidation oxide growth rates were practically independent of the Si-content. However during cyclic oxidation Si additions were beneficial. Si additions of 1-2(m)/(0) appeared to shift the onset for spallation to longer times. It was found that Si stabilizes the beta-phase and probably it suppresses the formation of metastable Al(2)O(3) modifications. 相似文献
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Reaction of dicyclopropyl cadmium and phthalic acid monochloride monomethyl ester gives o-carboxyphenyl cyclopropyl ketone (2). Reaction of the methyl ester of 2 with methylamine gives 2 - methyl - 3 - hydroxy-3-cyclopropyl-1-isoindolinone (4b), which is converted by hydrogen halides in chloroform to the rearranged homoallylic halides 5a–c. Thionyl chloride in chloroform converts 2 to 3-(3-chloropropylidene) phthalide (7) which upon reaction with methylamine gives isoshihunine (8). Heating of keto acid 2 with aniline leads to N-phenyl-N-norshihunine (9), while upon heating of 2 with methylamine spiro [(1 - methylpyrrolidine) - 2 - 3′ - (2′ - methyl - 1′ - isoindolinone)] (10) is obtained. 10 is converted to shihunine (1) by 48% HBr solution. The mechanisms of the reactions are discussed. 相似文献
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N. Breuer 《Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter》1984,54(2):169-174
Correction to scaling effects for the directed branched polymer (lattice animal) problem are calculated both from the field theoretic model due to Day and Lubensky (dynamics at the Yang-Lee edge singularity) and enumeration data. The universal correction to scaling exponent for the number of distinct animal configurations is estimated by numerical methods and field theoretic renormalization group results (=7–d expansion) extrapolated to exact results ford=2 andd=3; estimates of nonuniversal amplitudes are included. 相似文献