Intercomparison between ozone-broadening parameters retrieved from millimetre-wave measurements by using different techniques

For atmospheric purposes, the N₂- and O₂-, or Air-broadenings of selected transitions of ozone have been investigated in the 195-300 K temperature range. More precisely, the following 13 transitions in the 280-345 GHz frequency range have been studied: the 2_2,0 ← 2_1,1 (279.5 GHz), 24_2,22 ← 24_1,23 (286.2 GHz), 3_2,2 ← 3_1,3 (286.3 GHz), 5_2,4 ← 5_1,5 (293.2 GHz), 13_4,10 ← 14_3,11 (300.7 GHz), 14_0,14 ← 13_1,13 (301.8 GHz), 7_2,6 ← 7_1,7 (303.2 GHz), 26_2,24 ← 26_1,25 (315.9 GHz), 5_3,3 ← 6_2,4 (317.2 GHz), 20_1,19 ← 20_0,20 (320.0 GHz), 26_6,20 ← 27_5,23 (343.2 GHz), 26_2,24 ← 25_3,23 (343.2 GHz), and 4_3,1 ← 5_2,4 (343.5 GHz) lines. Systematic errors are known to be the principal error source and recent intercomparisons of line-broadening coefficients showed differences up to 20%, thus a large effort in minimizing systematic error sources has been taken and cross check measurements with different techniques have been carried out. The conclusion of the intercomparison performed indicates an excellent agreement of the results and that an uncertainty less than 3%, which also takes into account the systematic errors, can be claimed for the line-broadening parameters.     

Computation of the eigenvalues of Sturm-Liouville problems with parameter dependent boundary conditions using the regularized sampling method

The purpose in this paper is to compute the eigenvalues of Sturm-Liouville problems with quite general separated boundary conditions nonlinear in the eigenvalue parameter using the regularized sampling method, an improvement on the method based on Shannon sampling theory, which does not involve any multiple integration and provides higher order estimates of the eigenvalues at a very low cost. A few examples shall be presented to illustrate the power of the method and a comparison made with the the exact eigenvalues obtained as squares of the zeros of the exact characteristic functions.

     

Luminescence kinetic and association equilibria of lanthanide ions in aqueous solutions. II. Determination of the formation constant of Tb acetato complex by means of luminescence lifetime measurement

The association constant K of mono-acetato complex of Tb³⁺ has been determined at normal p and T conditions by measurement of its luminescence lifetime in aqueous solution containing increasing concentrations of acetate. Two experimental arrangements used for the measurement are described.     

Trennung von Spurenelementaktivitäten aus Neutronenbestrahltem Selen mit Hilfe der Gegenstrom-Ionenwanderung

For the determination of trace elements in neutron irradiated, selenium by gamma-ray spectrometry the separation of the matrix activity is often necessary. In model experiments the decontamination of cation and anion impurities from the matrix solution was investigated by the counter current ion migration. After a processing of 3 hrs the trace activities of Co, Cr, Ga, Na and Zn were decontaminated from Se with a factor of >10³. For the trace elements As and Te representing the anionic constituents, a decontamination factor of 3·10² was obtained.     

Microwave Irradiation and Glutamic Acid-Assisted Phytotreatment of Tannery and Surgical Industrial Wastewater by Sorghum

We investigated how different doses of microwave irradiation (MR) affect seed germination in Sorghum, including the level of remediation against textile and surgical wastewater (WW) by modulating biochemical and morpho-physiological mechanisms under glutamic acid (GA) application. The experiment was conducted to determine the impact of foliar-applied GA on Sorghum under wastewater conditions. Plants were treated with or without microwave irradiation (30 s, 2.45 GHz), GA (5 and 10 mM), and wastewater (0, 25, 50, and 100). Growth and photosynthetic pigments were significantly decreased in plants only treated with various concentrations of WW. GA significantly improved the plant growth characteristics both in MR-treated and -untreated plants compared with respective controls. HMs stress increased electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content; however, the GA chelation significantly improved the antioxidant enzymes activities such as ascorbate oxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) both in MR-treated and -untreated plants under WW stress compared with respective controls. The results suggested that the MR-treated plants accumulate higher levels of HMs under GA addition in comparison to the WW-only-treated and MR-untreated plants. The maximum increase in Cd accumulation was observed in the range of 14–629% in the roots, 15–2964% in the stems, and 26–4020% in the leaves; the accumulation of Cu was 18–2757% in the roots, 15–4506% in the stems, and 23–4605% in the leaves; and the accumulation of Pb was 13–4122% in the roots, 21–3588% in the stems, and 21–4990% in the leaves under 10 mM GA and MR-treated plants. These findings confirmed that MR-treated sorghum plants had a higher capacity for HMs uptake under GA and could be used as a potential candidate for wastewater treatment.     

On the Sturm-Liouville operator

We consider the homogeneous Sturm-Liouville differential equation, prove the existence of two linearly independent solutions that form a fundamental system, and obtain some of their properties.     

Experimental comparison of performance and emission characteristics of 4-stroke CI engine operated with Roselle and Jatropha biodiesel blends

The environmental degradation, combined with the continuous depletion of the world's fossil fuel reserves, has forced the search for alternative fuels. This study was performed to investigate the performance of novel biodiesels in the CI engine. The experiments were performed at three different compressions ratios (16:1, 17:1, 18:1) and four loading conditions (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%). Different types of fuels such as jatropha biodiesel (JB), roselle biodiesel (RB), and ternary biodiesel (TB) were prepared and analyzed. The thermal performance of different fuels was analyzed in terms of brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and exhaust gas temperature (EGT). The emission characteristics such as CO₂ emission, NO_x emission, and smoke emission were analyzed for all types of fuels. The results of these fuels in the engine were compared with mineral diesel (MD). The BTE was increased with increasing compression ratios and loads for all types of fuels. The BSFC was increased with increasing compression ratios but decreased with increasing loads. The increase in emission of NO_x was observed at higher compression ratios and loads. However, the CO₂ emission was decreased at higher loads and lower compression ratio. The performance curves achieved with a 20% jatropha biodiesel blend showed results that were approximate to those obtained with pure MD. The comparative analysis between different fuels showed that JB exhibit higher thermal performance as compared to other biodiesels. Therefore, JB can be a better alternative to conventional fuel.     

Peristaltic radiative flow of Sisko nanomaterial with entropy generation and modified Darcy’s law

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Nanomaterials are quite significant in the physiological and engineering processes. Such materials have motivated the recent scientists in view of...