Bulk superconducting samples of type Tl0.5Pb0.5Sr1.6Ba0.4CaCu2−xRuxO7−δ, (Tl, Pb)/Sr-1212, with 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.525 were prepared by the conventional one-step solid-state reaction technique. The prepared samples were investigated
using X-ray powder diffraction, electrical resistivity and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. Enhancement
of the phase formation, superconducting transition temperature Tc and hole carriers concentration P was observed up to x = 0.075. For x > 0.075, a reverse trend was observed. EPR spectra were measured at different temperatures (120–290 K) for all prepared samples.
The number of spins N participating in the resonance and the paramagnetic susceptibility χ were calculated as a function of both Ru-content and
temperature. N and χ increased as the Ru-content increased. A linear relationship between logN and 1/T was established, from which the activation energy Ea was calculated as a function of the Ru-content. The temperature dependence of χ was fitted according to Curie–Weiss type
of magnetic behavior. Curie constant C, Curie temperature θ, the effective magnetic moment μ and the electronic specific heat γ were estimated as a function of the Ru-content. 相似文献
A Density Functional Theory (DFT) study of the absorbance and fluorescence emission characteristics of the cyanine thiazole orange (TO) in solution and when intercalated in DNA was carried out in combination with spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric experiments under different conditions (temperature, concentration, solvent viscosity). T-jump relaxation kinetics of the TO monomer-dimer conversion enabled the thermodynamic parameters of this process to be evaluated. The overall data collected provided information on the features of the "light-switch" by the fluorescent TO and the comparison between experimental and calculated photo-physical properties allowed us to explain and rationalize both shifts and quenching/enhancing effects on fluorescence due to solvation, dimerisation and intercalation in the DNA. 相似文献
ABSTRACTBayfol (PC-PBT blend ?lm) is a class of polymeric solid-state nuclear track detector which has a lot of applications in several radiation detection ?elds. It is a bisphenol-A polycarbonate PC blended with polybutylene terephthalate PBT. Bayfol/Palladium (PC-PBT/Pd) nanocomposite films have been deposited using the molding technique. It is worth mentioning that this report is almost the first one dealing with the topic of the changes of physical properties of Bayfol/Pd nanocomposite due to laser exposure. Samples from PC-PBT/Pd (5?wt%) nanocomposite were exposed to IR-pulsed laser of 5-W power, capable of producing 2000 pulses per second with pulse duration of 200?ns at 904?nm. The laser fluences were in the range 2–25?J/cm2. The resultant modi?cations in the exposed nanocomposite samples have been studied as a function of fluence using different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV spectroscopy and color difference studies. The results indicate the proper dispersion of Pd nanoparticles in the PC-PBT matrix that causes a strong intermolecular interaction between Pd and PC-PBT, resulted in an increase in refractive index and the amorphous phase. Also, it is found that the laser exposure reduces the optical energy gap that could be attributed to the increase in structural disorder of the exposed PC-PBT/Pd nanocomposites due to crosslinking. Further, the color intensity ΔE, which is the color difference between the exposed samples and the non-exposed one, was increased with increasing the laser fluence, convoyed by a significant increase in the green and yellow color components. 相似文献
Summary: In this work an investigation of the chain end groups produced in the free radical copolymerization of vinilydene fluoride (VDF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) is performed. Type and amount of chain end groups are evaluated by a meticulous analytical characterization of VDF/HFP copolymer. At first pulsed gradient spin-echo nuclear magnetic resonance (spin-echo NMR) is used to identify all the chain end groups also at very low concentration (equal to 0.1 mmol · Kg−1). The instrument sensitivity is increased of an order of magnitude in comparison with the traditional NMR. Moreover potentiometric titration and ion chromatography (IC) are also used to study the chain end groups and, as a consequence, the nature and the amount of the acidity showed by the polymer chains. In details two intensity of acidity are detected by potentiometric titration, namely strong and weak. The strong acidity is associated to the presence of residual surfactant and can be removed washing the polymer, while the weak acidity is due to free molecules of fluoride acid (HF). The standard ion chromatography facility is properly modified to quantify the fluoride in the polymer matrix without any pre extraction in water. Thanks to this the HF concentration in the polymer is evaluated with high accuracy. A detailed kinetic scheme for the VDF/HFP polymerization is also proposed taking into account all the findings obtained studying the chain end groups. 相似文献
Two series of surface active agents have been obtained, starting from intermediate products of HFP and TFE photooxidation : Structural, physical and chemical properties have been summarized.Surface activity of the products in aqueous solution was examinated in terms of c.m.c. and H.L.B.Molecular cross section areas, derived from surface tension and Langmuir trough measurements, have been related to structural parameters. 相似文献
A novel silane standard, 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene (BTMSB), is introduced for the generic quantitation of small organic molecules in DMSO-d(6) solution by (1)H NMR. This standard is an easily weighable solid and is stable for at least 1 month in DMSO solution, and its (1)H NMR spectrum contains a strong singlet in a region usually free of signals. With a set of certified standards, concentration determination with about 2% precision and accuracy is verified after solution preparation with fully automated procedures, thus making very effective the characterization of small combinatorial chemistry libraries for identity and purity when combined with other physicochemical or biochemical tests. As an example, for a set of about 400 compounds, results of (1)H NMR characterization are compared to the more customary LC-UV-MS method. NMR and MS data agree for identity on the vast majority of cases (84% positive and 5% negative), whereas the remaining cases (11%) are marked as highly impure only after NMR spectra analysis. Most importantly, determination of concentration rather than that of relative purity appears the right choice for a correct evaluation of biochemical potency. 相似文献