An efficient metal catalyst free approach to synthesize 5-(4-(1,2,4,5 tetrazin-3-yl)benzylamino)-5-oxopentanoic acid

Despite the wide use of 1,2,4,5- tetrazines in biomaterials and materials science, currently there does not exist synthetic method(s) that can yield significant amount of 1,2,4,5- tetrazines without the use of potentially toxic metal catalysts. Here, we report a less energy intensive and more efficient metal catalyst free approach for the synthesis of an asymmetric tetrazine. A range of operating parameters such as extraction pH and temperature were regulated to achieve a practical yield nearly 1.5 times greater than the yields reported in the literature for similar synthetic procedures.     

Generation of a magnetic field by dynamo action in a turbulent flow of liquid sodium

We report the observation of dynamo action in the von Kármán sodium experiment, i.e., the generation of a magnetic field by a strongly turbulent swirling flow of liquid sodium. Both mean and fluctuating parts of the field are studied. The dynamo threshold corresponds to a magnetic Reynolds number R(m) approximately 30. A mean magnetic field of the order of 40 G is observed 30% above threshold at the flow lateral boundary. The rms fluctuations are larger than the corresponding mean value for two of the components. The scaling of the mean square magnetic field is compared to a prediction previously made for high Reynolds number flows.     

Boundedness of the fbi transform on sobolev spaces and propagation of singularities

It is shown that the FBI transform of Baouendi, Chang and Treves is bounded on Sobolev spaces.Applications to the propagation of singularities are given     

Terpenoids from Turraeanthus species

Chemical investigation of the root bark of Turraeanthus mannii and the stem of T. longipes resulted in the isolation of two new diterpenes, 13-methyl-labda-8(17)-en-15-oic acid (1) and 13-(hydroxymethyl)-14-hydroxy-ent-labda-8(17)-en-15-oic acid (2), along with two known diterpenes, 19-hydroxy-ent-labda-8(17),13-dien-15,16-olide (3) and 19-acetoxy-ent-labda-8(17),13-dien-15,16-olide (4), and the phytosterol, stigmasterol. The structure elucidation of the new compounds has been achieved using spectroscopic techniques.     

A strong uniqueness theorem for planar vector fields

This work establishes a strong uniqueness property for a class of planar locally integrable vector fields. A result on pointwise convergence to the boundary value is also proved for bounded solutions.Dedicated to Constantine Dafermos on his 60^th birthdayWork supported in part by CNPq, FINEP, FAPESP and a Research Incentive Fund grant of Temple University.     

A stable droplet reactor for high temperature nanocrystal synthesis

We report a versatile capillary-based droplet reactor for the controlled synthesis of nanoparticles over a wide range of flow conditions and temperatures. The reactor tolerates large flow-rate differentials between individual reagent streams, and allows droplet composition to be varied independently of residence time and volume. The reactor was successfully applied to the synthesis of metal (Ag), metal-oxide (TiO(2)) and compound semiconductor (CdSe) nanoparticles, and in each case exhibited stable droplet flow over many hours of operation without fouling, even for reactions involving solid intermediates. For CdSe formed by the reaction of Cd oleate and Se, highly controlled growth could be achieved at temperatures of up to 250 °C, with emission spectra varying smoothly and reproducibly with temperature and flow-rate. The droplet reactor showed exceptional stability when operated under constant flow-rate and temperature conditions, yielding particles with well-defined band-edge emission spectra that did not vary over the course of a full day's continuous operation.     

Orbits and global unique continuation for systems of vector fields

SupposeM is a smooth manifold andV is a locally integrable vector subbundle of the complexified tangent bundle ofM. This paper explores the global unique continuation property of distribution solutions ofV, i.e., the distributionsu onM such thatLu = 0 wheneverL is a section ofV, and the closely related problem of the structure of the Sussmann orbits ofHV.     

On the F. and M. Riesz theorem on wedges with edges of class <Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis><Superscript>1,α</Superscript>

This work extends the classical F. and M. Riesz theorem to measures that are boundary values of holomorphic functions defined on wedges in with edges that are in the class C ^1,α.This work was supported in part by NSF INT-0203005, CNPq and FAPESP