Parametrically driven dark solitons

We show that unlike the bright solitons, the parametrically driven kinks are immune from instabilities for all dampings and forcing amplitudes; they can also form stable bound states. In the undamped case, the two types of stable kinks and their complexes can travel with nonzero velocities.     

Development of the Monte Carlo model CASCADE-2004 of high-energy nuclear interactions

The Monte Carlo code CASCADE for the calculation of inelastic hadron- and nucleus-nucleus interactions at energies from several tens of MeV up to several tens of GeV and for modelling of nuclear-physical processes accompanying the transport of particles and nuclei in matter is improved by considering a more detailed model of decay of highly excited residual (after-intranuclear-cascade) nuclei. Results of calculations are in good agreement with experiment. However, there are some deviations for light-isotope production, which prompt the necessity of developing more correct models of evaporation and strong asymmetric high-energy fission.     

Time-dependent intranuclear cascade model

An intranuclear cascade model with explicit consideration of the time coordinate in the Monte Carlo simulation of the development of a cascade particle shower has been considered. Calculations have been performed using a diffuse nuclear boundary without any step approximation of the density distribution. Changes in the properties of the target nucleus during the cascade development have been taken into account. The results of these calculations have been compared with experiment and with the data which had been obtained by means of a time-independent cascade model. The consideration of time improved agreement between experiment and theory particularly for highenergy shower particles; however, for low-energy cascade particles (with grey and black tracks in photoemulsion) a discrepancy remains at T ? 10 GeV.     

A cascade-evaporation model for photonuclear reactions

Detailed and systematic Monte Carlo calculations have been performed for different characteristics of inelastic photonuclear reactions for an energy range of T_γ ≈ 50 MeV–1 GeV in the framework of the intranuclear cascade model taking into account the competition between particle evaporation and fission of excited residual nuclei. The calculated results agree well with experimental data. On the basis of the data listed it is possible to extrapolate the corresponding characteristics for intermediate energies and nuclei.     

Time Multidimension in Gravity

The influence of possible additional (hidden) components of time on a body's motion in the field of a gravitational wave is considered. Contrary to the one-time theory, oscillations of the body height and width sizes in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the wave propagation occur independently from one another. This peculiarity can be used for the experimental check of emission of gravitational waves with distinct time trajectories in cosmic cataclysms. An interesting analogy between electromagnetic and gravitation quantities is discussed in the context of time multidimension.     

Phase sensitivity of light dynamics in PT-symmetric couplers

We study the sensitivity of light dynamics to the internal phase of propagating pulses in the two types of $\mathcal {PT}$ -symmetric models. The first is a waveguide array with an embedded pair of waveguides with gain and loss, called $\mathcal {PT}$ -coupler, and the second is a planar coupler which models a chain of $\mathcal {PT}$ -symmetric couplers. For the first model we investigate the soliton scattering on the mode localized on the coupler, while for second model we study the collision of two breathers. For both models we find that the light dynamics is sensitive to the internal phases of the interacting pulses. Particularly, the $\mathcal {PT}$ -symmetry breaking can take place or not, depending on the internal phases of two signals having identical other parameters.     

Cross Sections for Fast Particles and Atomic Nuclei

Presently available experimental data on the total cross sections and on the cross sections for the elastic and inelastic scattering of nucleons, antinucleons, π- and K-mesons by atomic nuclei at energies higher than 50 MeV are summarized. The nucleus-nucleus cross sections for kinetic energies higher than 50 MeV/nucl. are also given.