Iodine‐Catalyzed Friedlander Quinoline Synthesis under Solvent‐Free Conditions

Polyfunctional quinolines were synthesized using Friedlander method catalyzed by molecular iodine in high yields at 60 °C under solvent‐free conditions.     

Preparation and characterization of new inorganic–organic hybrid catalyst H3PMo12O40/Hyd‐SBA‐15 and its application in the domino multi‐component reaction

We present novel inorganic–organic hybrid catalyst to accomplish domino multi‐component reaction (MCR) for synthesis of 3‐amino‐2′‐oxospiro[benzo[c]pyrano[3,2‐a]phenazine‐1,3′‐indoline]‐2‐carbonitrile/carboxylate derivatives. This methodology offers remarkable development by easy production of H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀/Hyd‐SBA‐15 in regard to solving the problem of using harsh catalysts, also it demonstrates to be impressive and environmentally friendly in term of low reaction times and high yields.     

Synergetic catalytic effect of rGO,Pd, Fe3O4 and PPy as a magnetically separable and recyclable nanocomposite for coupling reactions in green media

In this paper, rGO/Pd–Fe₃O₄@PPy as an efficient stable nanocomposite was synthesized. To understand the synergetic effects of rGO, Pd, Fe₃O₄ and PolyPyrrole, the performance of rGO/Pd–Fe₃O₄@PPy as a heterogeneous recyclable nanocatalyst in the green synthesis of C‐C and C‐O coupling products, as well as different conditions are studied. Synthesized rGO/Pd–Fe₃O₄@PPy was characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, FE‐SEM, EDS, TGA and AFM analysis. Best results are obtained under sonication in H₂O for C‐C coupling and by ball‐milling for C‐O coupling. The benefits of this method include: green solvents and conditions, absence of external base, low reaction times with high yield and easy work‐up method.     

Observation of heterodyne mixing in surface x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy experiments

We report measurements of propagating capillary waves on a liquid water surface at T=5 degrees C with x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The experiment has been performed under grazing incidence conditions with an incoming x-ray beam below the critical angle of total external reflection. In the q region investigated the measured intensity-intensity autocorrelation functions of the liquid water surface were found to be heterodyne signals, i.e., a combination of first- and second-order correlation functions g(1)(tau) and g(2)(tau).     

Microstructure of nickel nanoparticles embedded in carbon films: case study on annealing effect by micromorphology analysis

The presented study is aimed at analyzing the surface texture of amorphous hydrogenated carbon layers containing nickel nanoparticles (Ni‐NPs@a‐C:H) within their structure, which were deposited by Radio Frequency (RF) sputtering and RF‐Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (RF‐PECVD) methods on glass substrates. Prepared films were then used as research material following their annealing at two different temperatures of 250 °C and 350 °C in an inert argon atmosphere. Series of height samples were taken with the help of atomic force microscopy (AFM) operating in a non‐contact mode and examined in order to determine their fractal characteristics. Raw AFM data were first plane‐fitted to remove the surface bow exhibiting the so‐called residual surface, and then numerically processed to calculate the Areal Autocorrelation Function (AACF), which was later used to compute the Structure Function (SF). The log–log plots of the latter served for calculation of fractal properties of surfaces under investigation, including fractal dimension D, and pseudo‐topothesy K. The analysis of 3‐D surface texture helps to understand their essential characteristics and their implications as well as graphical models and their implementation in computer simulation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis of pyranopyrazoles,benzopyrans, amino-2-chromenes and dihydropyrano[<Emphasis Type="Italic">c</Emphasis>]chromenes using ionic liquid with dual Brønsted acidic and Lewis basic sites

An efficient ionic liquid with both Brønsted acidic and Lewis basic sites, namely 1,4-dimethyl-1-(4-sulphobutyl)piperazinium hydrogen sulphate (IL1), was synthesised and characterised. IL1 is a “green”, homogeneous and reusable catalyst for: i) the synthesis of pyranopyrazoles (Va-Vj)and benzopyrans (VIa-VIj and VIIa-VIIf) at ambient temperature under solvent-free conditions and ii) the synthesis of amino-2-chromenes (VIIIa-VIIIi and IXa-IXi) and dihyropyrano[c]chromenes (Xa-Xi) at 80 °C under solvent-free conditions. The reactions were rapid with excellent product yields. In addition, the double Brønsted acid, 1,4-dimethyl-1,4-bis(4-sulphobutyl)piperazinium hydrogen sulphate (IL2), was prepared to evaluate the cooperation efficiency of their Brønsted acidic and Lewis basic sites as compared with the double Brønsted acidic sites in IL1.     

Efficient removal of hexavalent chromium and lead from aqueous solutions by s‐triazine containing nanoporous polyamide

s‐Triazine containing dicarboxylic acid was synthesized. Then, it was reacted with 1,3‐phenylenediamine in molten tetrabutylammonium bromide to formed soluble aromatic polyamide with good yield and moderate inherent viscosity of 0.35 dL g^?1. The solubility and flexibility of polyamides are low. So, we used ether group such as di(4‐aminephenyl) ether in building polyamide. The structure of monomer and polymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to evaluate the thermal properties of synthesized polyamide, and their results show that this polymer had a good thermal stability. The surface morphology of s‐triazine containing polyamide was studied by field emission‐scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, and the results show that it has a porous morphology and moderate Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface (367 m² g^?1). It was further investigated for Pb (II) and Cr(VI) ion removal by optimizing the parameters including pH and contact time. The maximum uptakes of Pb(II) and Cr(VI) at pH 5.0 and pH 4.0 are 57% and 76%, respectively. Also, sorption kinetics of this polymer was investigated. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Temporary shape development in shape memory nanocomposites using magnetic force

Direct mechanical force is used to create a temporary shape in shape memory polymers. This can become difficult in situations where the sample is not directly accessible such as interior in the body. In these cases it is not possible to use a direct mechanical force to deform the sample into temporary shape; therefore other alternative routes should be proposed. The magnetic force is a good candidate for inducing remote deformation. The ability of magnetic field to cause deformation in soft matters has already been revealed. To prove the hypothesis of using magnetic force to create temporary shape, magnetic field active shape memory polymeric nanocomposites were manufactured by incorporation of NdFeB ferromagnetic micro particles in a nanocomposite based on crosslinked low density polyethylene loaded with 2 wt.% of organoclay. The results indicate that as the NdFeB content increases, the reversible temporary deformation induced in the samples by the magnetic force increases. The effect of NdFeB concentration on the shape recovery progress and the possibility of heat induction in NdFeB filled samples through the application of an alternating magnetic field were also examined.