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1.
Risk related to long-term care (LTC) is high for the elderly. Planning for LTC is now regarded as the ‘third leg’ of retirement planning. In this paper, planning for LTC is integrated with saving and investment decisions for an integrated approach to retirement planning. Optimal LTC insurance purchase decisions are obtained by developing a trade-off between post-retirement LTC costs and LTC insurance premiums paid and coverage received. Integrating insurance purchase with wealth evolution, consisting of saving and investment decisions, allows addressing affordability issues.Two-way branching models are used for the stochastic health events and asset returns. The problem, formulated as a nonlinearly constrained mixed-integer optimization problem, is solved using a heuristic. Sensitivity analyses are performed for initial health and wealth status. Some important aspects of an individual’s behavioral preferences are also addressed in this framework to provide more robust decision support. 相似文献
2.
Kasani Aparna Professor Setharampattu S. Krishnamurthy Munirathinam Nethaji 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》1995,621(11):1913-1921
Lanthanide nitrate complexes of diphosphazane dioxides Ph2P(O)N(Pri)P(O)Ph2 ( 1 ) and (PhO)2P(O)N(Me)P(O)(OPh)2 ( 2 ) have been synthesised and studied by conductometry, IR, multinuclear NMR spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction. Ligand 2 is accessible by two different methods, viz., by direct oxidation of the phosp(III)azane ligand or by starting from phosph(V)azane chloro precursor. The structure of 2 is confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Crystallographic data for 2 : Triclinic, Space group P1 , a = 10.078(1), b = 10.575(3), c = 12.364(4) Å, α = 75.70(2)°, α = 75.56(1)°, γ = 77.68(1)°, Z = 2, V = 1 220 Å3; structure refined to RF = 0.0459 on 3 495 data with F > 3σ(F). The diphosphazane dioxide ligand exhibits trans geometry in the solid state. The structure of a lanthanide complex, [Pr(NO3)3( 2 )2] ( 14 ) is also determined by X-ray diffraction. Crystallographic data for 14 : Trigonal, Space group P32, a = b = 15.710(2), c = 40.067(2) Å, Z = 6, V = 8 564 Å3; structure refined to RF = 0.0430 on 8 077 data with F > 5σ(F). The two diphosphazane dioxide ligands and the nitrate groups are coordinated to praseodymium in a bidentate chelate fashion. The geometry around the ten coordinated metal is distorted bicapped square antiprism. 相似文献
3.
A. C. Bhasikuttan A. V. Sapre L. V. Shastri 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. A, Chemistry》1995,90(2-3):177-182
The reactions of two triphenyl methane (TPM) dyes—crystal violet (CV+) and malachite green (MG+)—with N3• and OH• radicals were studied by pulse radiolytic kinetic spectrophotometry. The rate constants for the reaction of the cationic dyes (D+) with N3• are (9.0±0.6)×109 and (3.0±0.2)×109 dm3 mol−1 s−1 respectively and those for the reaction with OH• are obtained as (8.0±0.6)×109 and (1.1±0.1)×109 dm3 mol−1 s−1 respectively. The transient spectra resulting from the oxidation of the dyes were characterized. The time-resolved spectra indicate that the reaction with OH• radicals initially generates an adduct which subsequently dissociates to form the radical dication D•2+. The D•2+ species decay by further reaction with the parent dye. 相似文献
4.
Aparna W. Higgins 《Algebra Universalis》1985,20(2):179-193
Given a group G and a descending chainG
0,G
1,...,G
n, of normal subgroups ofG, we prove that there exists a universal algebra
, such that the chain ...Wn(
)...W1(
}) W0(
)W(
) is isomorphic to the chain ...G
n ...G
1G
0G, where W(
) is the group of weak automorphisms of
, and Wn(
) is the group of weak automorphisms of
that leaves alln-ary operations fixed.We also prove that there are an infinite number of non-isomorphic algebras that satisfy the above.These results are a generalization of those proved by J. Sichler, in the special case when G=G0, and G1=G2=...=Gn=....Presented by J. Mycielski.This paper comprises part of the author's doctoral dissertation at the University of Notre Dame in 1983. The author wishes to express her deep gratitude to Professor Abraham Goetz for suggesting this problem, for being extremely generous with his time and experience, and for giving her his constant encouragement. The author also thanks the reviewer for his helpful comments. 相似文献
5.
A stereoselective conversion of the readily available (+)-car-3-ene into (+)-carvone by two different routes is described. This is the first report on synthesis of carvone from car-3-ene. 相似文献
6.
7.
Abstract On radiolysis tris(acetylacetonato) cobalt(III) in aqueous solutions is found to get reduced by reaction with (1) hydrated electrons, (2) H atoms, (3) OH radicals and (4) C2H2OH radicals. The bimolecular rate constants for the first three reactions, determined by competition kinetics are: 4 × 1010, 2.3 × 109 and 4.7 × 109 M?1sec?1 respectively. Absorption spectra of the irradiated solutions indicate the formation of bis(acetylacetonato) cobalt(II) from reaction (1), but not from (3). The total cobaltous yield in air-free solutions is given byG(Co++) = 5.6 and 6.5 at pH 6.5 and 1 respectively. It appears that Geaq- ∽ H + GoH ∽ 2.8 in neutral solutions. Considerations of material balance for the primary yields of radiolysis of water suggest the possibility that the so-called independent H-atoms in neutral solutions are probably excited water molecules or ion-pairs. 相似文献
8.
Single‐step oxidative homocoupling of aryl Grignard reagents via Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) Complexes under air
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A simple catalytic system of direct synthesis for the symmetrical biaryls using catalytic amounts of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes has been developed. The reaction system involves in situ synthesis of Grignard reagents. The complexes, containing bidentate Schiff base and dmit (2‐thioxo‐1,3‐dithiole‐4,5‐dithiolate) ligands, were compatible with diverse functionalities and afford a high yield of biaryls in a single step, proving to be promising catalysts in homocoupling reactions. Atmospheric oxygen is used as an oxidant which renders a green, simple and economical catalytic route. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
Jyoti M. Madar Samundeeswari L. Shastri Megharaja Holiyachi Nirmala Naik Rashmi Kulkarni 《合成通讯》2018,48(4):375-386
Pursuing our recent interest regarding antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of coumarin derivatives, we have synthesized a series of coumarin-linked pyridopyrimidinones by using Baylis Hillman adduct in aqueous condition with high purity. Pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones are important class of heterocyclic compounds because of their use in medicinal and agro chemistry as active agents. All these newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity. Coumarin pyridopyrimidinones showed excellent anti-inflammatory activity against both MMP-2 and MMP-9 gelatinase zymography, whereas considerable good activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains; however, antifungal activity observed in these series is more or less inactive. The active compounds of these series would be promising structural templates for the development of novel and more efficient anti-inflammatory agent. 相似文献
10.
Anutosh Paria S. S. Greeshma Aparna Chaudhari M. Makesh C. S. Purushothaman K. V. Rajendran 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2013,169(1):281-289
RNA interference-mediated silencing is an effective way of controlling white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). However, the effect of RNAi on the innate immune mechanism is not well understood. Prophenoloxidase (proPO) is an important component of the shrimp innate immunity. In the present study, nonspecific effect of two double-stranded (ds)RNA-expressing constructs, one targeting vp28 gene of WSSV (pCMV-VP28-LH) and another targeting green fluorescent protein (GFP) (pCMV-GFP-LH) on proPO2 gene expression, is investigated. mRNA expression levels of proPO2 in hemocytes of DNA construct-injected shrimp were estimated using real-time PCR with elongation factor 1-α as internal control. Empty vector (pcDNA)-injected shrimp were used as experimental control. In pCMV-VP28-LH-injected shrimp, proPO2 showed significant upregulation until 48 h post-injection (p.i.). Similarly, pCMV-GFP-LH-injected animals showed high levels of expression until 72 h p.i. WSSV-challenged animals, compared to pcDNA-injected control group, showed no significant change in expression of the gene until 24 h. However, an increased expression was noticed at 48 h p.i. Our results suggest that neither the plasmids nor the long hairpin RNA expressed by the constructs has any nonspecific silencing effect on the proPO2 expression. On the contrary, the consistent upregulation of proPO2 observed in shrimp injected with dsRNA at early time-points indicates the possibility of nonspecific protection against WSSV infection. 相似文献