On the stability of the output characteristics of a grazing incidence grating dye laser transversely pumped by a copper vapor laser

The output characteristics of a high repetition rate pulsed dye laser has both short-term fluctuations and long-term drift. In high power high repetition rate lasers flow induced variations dominate over those due to other factors. In this paper it is shown by dye laser measurements that bandwidth fluctuations can be traced to the effective changes of the resonator dispersion due to fluctuations in the penetration depth of the pump beam in the dye medium. Short-term wavelength fluctuations can be traced to instantaneous deflection of the dye laser axis by the refractive index changes due to absorption of the pump beam. The fluctuations in both the bandwidth and the wavelength decreases with increasing flow rates within a laminar region. A copper vapor laser operating at 5.6 kHz repetition rate pumped the Rhodamine 6G dye laser used. The wavelength fluctuation of ±0.0035, 0.0030, 0.0004 nm and the bandwidth fluctuation of ±710, 132, 45 MHz over approx. 60 minutes were observed at 1.2, 3.7, 5.5 lpm flow rates respectively.     

Pseudopotential in the study of superconducting state parameters of metallic glasses

A well recognized model potential is used to study the superconducting state parameters (SSP) viz. electron–phonon coupling strength λ, Coulomb pseudopotential μ¹, transition temperature T_C, isotope effect exponent α and effective interaction strength N₀V of some binary metallic glasses of simple, non-simple and transition metals. Five local field correction functions proposed by Hartree (H), Taylor (T), Ichimaru–Utsumi (IU), Farid et al. (F) and Sarkar et al. (S) are used in the present investigation to study the screening influence on the aforesaid properties. Instead of using Vegard’s law, pseudo-alloy-atom model (PAA) in the present investigation is proposed and found successful. The present results of the SSP are found in qualitative agreement with other such earlier reported data wherever exist, which confirms the superconducting phase in the metallic glasses.     

Thermal Stability Of Folic Acid in the solid-state

This study attempts to identify the degradative process which folic acid undergoes in the solid-state under thermal stress. In order to facilitate the process, the various pieces of the chemical structure, namely, p-amino benzoic acid, pterin and glutamic acid as both its d- and l-isomers were investigated as separate entities. These structured solid-state pieces were then compared to the composite solid state folic acid degradative curves in order to identify the peaks seen and provide direction for the interpolation of the degradative mechanism. It was observed that none of the structural pieces could be superimposed as assumed earlier and hence an attempt was made to identify the decomposition products using various analytical techniques such as infrared spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction which suggested that the glutamic acid fragment is lost first as evidenced by acid loss and amide enhancement in the IR spectra. The vitamin was ultimately degrading to carbon fragments and that further identification was not necessary. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Use of liquid chromatography for separation and determination of carrier species associated with the synthesis of no carrier-added11C-labelled compounds determination of the specific activity of {11C} urea

An analytical technique using reversed-phase liquid chromatography has been developed for the determination of urea at quantities as low as 1 ng to quantitate the amount of non-labelled urea produced during the synthesis of no-carrier-added {¹¹C}urea starting from¹¹CN^–. As a result, the specific activity of the {¹¹C} urea thus prepared was calculated to be as high as 3.5±0.8 Ci/mol.Research supported in part by PHS Grant NINCDS 1 PO1 NS 15639.     

Spectral and Mechanistic Investigation of Oxidation of Rizatriptan by Silver Third Periodate Complex in Aqueous Alkaline Medium

The oxidation of Rizatriptan by diperiodatoargentate(III) has been studied by spectrophotometry at neutral pH. The kinetics of the reaction of Rizatriptan has been shown to principle of non-complementary oxidation steps. The initial step involves the deprotonated of the diperiodatoargentate(III) with the alkali; this rearranges during the displacement of a ligand to give free periodate and takes up another ligand monoperiodateargentate(III), combines with a substrate to endow with an intermediate complex which decomposes within a slow step to provide the final product in the following step with a first-order rate constant. The main product was identified by spot test, Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry spectrum. A conceivable mechanism including pre equilibrium of adducts development between the complex and reductant was planned from the kinetics study. The rate conditions got from system can clarify all exploratory phenomena, and the activation parameters alongside rate constants of the rate determining step were ascertained.     

Mesogenic properties and the effect of 1,2,4-trisubstitution on the central benzene nucleus of a three-ring mesogen

Four mesogenic homologous series have been synthesized by fixing a rigid 4-substituted phenylazo group to a resorcinol moiety. In series I and II, one phenolic -OH group is esterified by 4-n-alkoxybenzoyl groups; in series III and IV both the phenolic -OH groups are esterified by 4-n-alkoxybenzoyl groups. All the homologues of series III and IV exhibit low melting smectic C phases. Monoesters of series I and II, having free lateral hydroxy group with strong hydrogen bonding, exhibit high temperature nematic phases. The effect of different substituents on mesomorphic properties is discussed. One homologue of series III was doped with a chiral dopant and its spontaneous polarization evaluated.