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排序方式: 共有538条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
R. Thomas conjectured, 20 years ago, that the presence of a positive circuit in the interaction graph of a dynamical system is a necessary condition for the presence of several stable states. Recently, E. Remy et al. stated and proved the conjecture for Boolean dynamical systems. Using a similar approach, we generalize the result to discrete dynamical systems, and by focusing on the asynchronous dynamics that R. Thomas used in the course of his analysis of genetic networks, we obtain a more general variant of R. Thomas’ conjecture. In this way, we get a necessary condition for genetic networks to lead to differentiation. 相似文献
2.
A time‐marching formulation is derived from the space–time integrated least squares (STILS) method for solving a pure hyperbolic convection equation and is numerically compared to various known methods. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
Near-infrared laser photoacoustic detection of methane: the impact of molecular relaxation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A photoacoustic sensor has been developed for trace-gas monitoring using a near-infrared semiconductor laser emitting in the
2ν3 band of methane at 1.65 μm. The apparatus was designed for on-line process control in the manufacturing of the novel low-water-peak
fibres developed for optical telecommunications. The importance of collisional relaxation processes in the generation of the
photoacoustic signal is reported in the particular case of CH4 detection in dry O2 and O2–N2 mixtures. The negative influence of these effects results in a strongly reduced and phase-shifted photoacoustic signal, induced
by a fast resonant coupling between the vibrational states of methane and oxygen, associated with the slow relaxation of the
excited oxygen molecules. An unusual parabolic response of the sensor with respect to the methane concentration has been observed
and is discussed. Finally, the beneficial effect of several species, including water vapour and helium, acting as a catalyst
to hasten the relaxation of the CH4–O2 system, is demonstrated.
PACS 42.62.Fi; 33.20.Ea; 34.50.Ez 相似文献
4.
R. Bacaud M. Besson D. Brodzki P. Bussière H. Charcosset G. Diega-Mariadassou M. Oberson B. K. Sharma 《Hyperfine Interactions》1989,46(1-4):583-589
Mössbauer Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction and Electron Microscopy were applied to the study of solid residues of coal hydroliquefaction, for which tin-based catalysts were used. In the general case hydroliquefaction runs were performed in the presence of added sulphur and of finely dispersed SnO2 as a catalyst precursor. The only observed tin species were SnO2 and SnS, the former with percentages higher than expected from XRD, due to its large f factor, the latter as a symmetric doublet, which suggests that any asymmetry should be ascribed to small particle sizes rather than to structure. When the S content was only that of coal and the catalyst precursor β-Sn, FeSn2 occurred together with Sn sulfides and oxides, while no β-Sn was detected. The main catalytic role is ascribed to SnS. 相似文献
5.
Bortoletto D Goldberg M Horwitz N Mestayer MD Moneti GC Sharma V Shipsey IP Skwarnicki T Csorna SE Letson T Brock IC Ferguson T Artuso M Bebek C Berkelman K Blucher E Byrd J Cassel DG Cheu E Coffman DM Crawford G DeSalvo R DeWire JW Drell PS Ehrlich R Galik RS Gittelman B Gray SW Halling AM Hartill DL Heltsley BK Kandaswamy J Kowalewski R Kreinick DL Kubota Y Lewis JD Mistry NB Mueller J Namjoshi R Nandi S Nordberg E O'Grady C Peterson D Pisharody M Riley D Sapper M Silverman A Stone S Worden H 《Physical review letters》1989,62(21):2436-2439
6.
Alam MS Katayama N Kim IJ Li WC Lou XC Sun CR Bortoletto D Goldberg M Horwitz N Mestayer MD Moneti GC Sharma V Shipsey IP Skwarnicki T Csorna SE Letson T Brock IC Ferguson T Artuso M Bebek C Berkelman K Blucher E Byrd J Cassel DG Cheu E Coffman DM Crawford G DeSalvo R DeWire JW Drell PS Ehrlich R Galik RS Gittelman B Gray SW Halling AM Hartill DL Heltsley BK Kandaswamy J Kowalewski R Kreinick DL Kubota Y Lewis JD Mistry NB Mueller J Namjoshi R Nandi S Nordberg E O'Grady C Peterson D Pisharody M 《Physical review D: Particles and fields》1989,40(11):3790
7.
Fernaldo Richtia Winnerdy Bla Bakalar Poulomi Das Brahim Heddi Adrien Marchand Frdric Rosu Valrie Gabelica Anh Tun Phan 《Chemical science》2021,12(20):7151
Cations are critical for the folding and assembly of nucleic acids. In G-quadruplex structures, cations can bind between stacked G-tetrads and coordinate with negatively charged guanine carbonyl oxygens. They usually exchange between binding sites and with the bulk in solution with time constants ranging from sub-millisecond to seconds. Here we report the first observation of extremely long-lived K+ and NH4+ ions, with an exchange time constant on the order of an hour, when coordinated at the center of a left-handed G-quadruplex DNA. A single-base mutation, that switched one half of the structure from left- to right-handed conformation resulting in a right–left hybrid G-quadruplex, was shown to remove this long-lived behaviour of the central cation.An extremely long-lived cation has been detected in left-handed G-quadruplexes. 相似文献
8.
The solid-phase synthesis of the octapeptide 1 AcGly-Ala-Lys-Arg-His-Arg-Lys-ValOMe, which represents the fragment 14-21 of the amino acid sequence of the chromosomal histone H4, as well as of the structurally related nonapeptide 2 AcGly-Ala-Lys-Leu-Arg-His-Arg-Lys-ValOMe, is described using a new polyacrylic resin containing a glycolamide ester linkage(resin-NHCO-CH2-OCO-peptide) acting as a labile anchoring moiety between the resin and the peptide.After elongation of the polypeptide chain using classical protecting groups, i.e. t-butyloxycarbonyl for the α-NH2 function, benzyloxycarbonyl, nitro and 2,4-dinitrophenyl groups for the side-chains of Lys, Arg and His respectively, both peptides 1 and 2 were obtained in good yields and with a high purity as shown by high-pressure liquid chromatography, by amino-acid analysis and by high-field proton NMR spectroscopy.This work demonstrates the ability of the newly introduced polyacrylic resin to act as a convenient support for solid-phase peptide synthesis. 相似文献
9.
Heterobifunctional fluorescent reagents of coumarin type are synthesized. They possess, in position 7 , a rigidized or un-rigidized amino group and, in position 3 or 4 , a carboxylic function. The fluorescence characteristics of these compounds are described and compared with the 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin. The influence of the relative freedom of rotation of the amino group or the position of the acid function on the fluorescence properties are also studied. 相似文献
10.
A family of alkaline earth organosulfonate coordination solids is reported. In contrast to more typical crystal engineering approaches, these solids are sustained by the assembly of building blocks that are coordinatively adaptable rather than rigid in their bonding preferences. The ligand, 4,5-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonate, L, progressively evolves from a 0D, 1D, 2D, to a 3D microporous network with the Group II cations Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Sr(2+), and Ba(2+), (compounds 1-4), respectively. This trend in dimensionality can be explained by considering factors such as hard-soft acid-base principles and cation radii, a rationalization which follows salient crystal engineering principles. The selective gas sorption properties of the microporous 3D network [Ba(L)(H(2)O)].H(2)O, 4, with different gaseous guests are also presented. 相似文献