Electroviscous Forces on a Charged Cylinder Moving Near a Charged Wall

The refined theory of the electroviscous lift forces is presented for the case when the separation distance between the particle and the wall is larger than the double-layer thickness. The theory is based on the lubrication approximation for motion of a long cylinder near a solid wall in creeping flow. The approximate analytical formula for the lift force valid for Pe相似文献   

Assessment of ex vivo perfused liver health by Raman spectroscopy

Raman spectroscopy was applied in this research to monitor the overall health and degradation of porcine livers perfused ex vivo using the VasoWaveW® perfusion system. A novel Raman‐based diagnostic analysis was developed that enables near real‐time and label‐free monitoring of organ health during ex vivo perfusion designed to extend the useful life of the organ for transplantation. Multivariate statistical analysis of Raman spectra of organ perfusate fluid, using a combination of principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis, proved to be an effective technique to assess the degradation properties of the livers. Three livers (with replicates) were perfused ex vivo under different pressures and temperatures and were compared with a 24‐h time‐course. Results indicated that perfusion pressure was a more significant factor in organ degradation than was temperature. In addition, a non‐linear degradation profile was identified for all three perfused livers, and this profile was different for individual livers, demonstrating the time‐dependent transition from its initial ‘healthy’ state towards a more ‘unhealthy’ degenerative state at 24 h. The Raman spectroscopy‐based approach described here has potential applications in perfusion and diagnostic instrumentation that can be used in near real‐time during organ transit and in operating rooms to help identify appropriately healthy organs for transplantation. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.