南漪湖叶绿素a浓度荧光反演算法研究

叶绿素a（Chlorophyll-a, Chl-a）浓度是监测浮游植物和水质状况的代表性指标，对湖泊富营养化评价具有重要意义。为了探求南漪湖多时相的Chl-a浓度高光谱特征及反演方法，选取2020年—2021年间南漪湖8次走航式水体实验同步采集的98组高光谱数据和Chl-a浓度数据，分析不同Chl-a浓度条件下南漪湖实测光谱的变化特征，同时考虑水质组分变化和采样时间变化对光谱的影响，提取能反映Chl-a浓度信息的特征波段。然后引入峰谷距离法、荧光基线高度法、峰面积法和基于峰面积法改进的谷上峰面积法共同反演南漪湖Chl-a浓度，并利用5折交叉验证法比较不同反演算法的优劣。研究结果表明：（1）随着Chl-a浓度的增大，荧光峰位置向红外方向移动，Chl-a吸收谷和荧光峰分别有加深和升高的趋势，峰谷差异更加明显，荧光峰附近谱段能够有效反映Chl-a浓度变化；（2）利用5折交叉验证法将样本分为5组，依次作为验证集进行建模，对于不同组别的验证集各方法的RMSE和 MAPE极差平均值分别为0.437 5 μg·L-1和28.27%，可见样本建模集与验证集的选取会显著影响精度评价结果，5折交叉验证的方法可以减小上述误差，在样本范围内最大程度地比较出各方法的优劣；（3）结合Chl-a浓度吸收谷极小值处水平切线提出的谷上峰面积法取得了最优的反演结果，其验证精度分别为R2=0.756 7，RMSE=1.653 1 μg·L-1，MAPE=40.77%，相较于峰谷距离法、荧光基线高度法和峰面积法精度均有提升，为叶绿素a浓度荧光反演提供了新的思路。     

Thickness-dependent magnetic properties in Pt/[Co/Ni]n multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

We systematically investigated the Ni and Co thickness-dependent perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) coefficient, magnetic domain structures, and magnetization dynamics of Pt(5 nm)/[Co($t_{\rm Co}$)/Ni($t_{\rm Ni}$)]$_{5}$/Pt(1 nm) multilayers by combining the four standard magnetic characterization techniques. The magnetic-related hysteresis loops obtained from the field-dependent magnetization $M$ and anomalous Hall resistivity (AHR) $\rho_{{xy}}$ showed that the two serial multilayers with $t_{\rm Co} = 0.2$ nm and 0.3 nm have the optimum PMA coefficient $K_{\rm U}$ as well as the highest coercivity $H_{\rm C}$ at the Ni thickness $t_{\rm Ni}= 0.6 $ nm. Additionally, the magnetic domain structures obtained by magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy also significantly depend on the thickness and $K_{\rm U}$ of the films. Furthermore, the thickness-dependent linewidth of ferromagnetic resonance is inversely proportional to $K_{\rm U}$ and $H_{\rm C}$, indicating that inhomogeneous magnetic properties dominate the linewidth. However, the intrinsic Gilbert damping constant determined by a linear fitting of the frequency-dependent linewidth does not depend on the Ni thickness and $K_{\rm U}$. Our results could help promote the PMA [Co/Ni] multilayer applications in various spintronic and spin-orbitronic devices.     

Enhancement of spin-orbit torque efficiency by tailoring interfacial spin-orbit coupling in Pt-based magnetic multilayers

We study inserting Co layer thickness-dependent spin transport and spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in the Pt/Co/Py trilayers by spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance. The interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (IPMA) energy density ($K_{\rm s}= 2.7 $ erg/cm$^{2}$, 1 erg = 10$^{-7}$ J), which is dominated by interfacial spin-orbit coupling (ISOC) in the Pt/Co interface, total effective spin-mixing conductance $(G_{\mathrm{eff,tot}}^{\mathrm{\uparrow \downarrow }}=\mathrm{0.42\times }{10}^{15} \mathrm{\Omega }^{-1}\cdot\mathrm{m}^{-2}$) and two-magnon scattering ($\beta_{\mathrm{TMS}}= 0.46 {\mathrm{nm}}^{2}$) are first characterized, and the damping-like torque ($\xi_{\mathrm{DL}}= 0.103$) and field-like torque ($\xi _{\mathrm{FL}}=-0.017$) efficiencies are also calculated quantitatively by varying the thickness of the inserting Co layer. The significant enhancement of $\xi_{\mathrm{DL}}$ and $\xi_{\mathrm{FL}}$ in Pt/Co/Py than Pt/Py bilayer system originates from the interfacial Rashba-Edelstein effect due to the strong ISOC between Co-3d and Pt-5d orbitals at the Pt/Co interface. Additionally, we find a considerable out-of-plane spin polarization SOT, which is ascribed to the spin anomalous Hall effect and possible spin precession effect due to IPMA-induced perpendicular magnetization at the Pt/Co interface. Our results demonstrate that the ISOC of the Pt/Co interface plays a vital role in spin transport and SOTs-generation. Our finds offer an alternative approach to improve the conventional SOTs efficiencies and generate unconventional SOTs with out-of-plane spin polarization to develop low power Pt-based spintronic via tailoring the Pt/FM interface.     

基于通信信道模型的关联成像系统质量评价方法

提出一种成像前评价关联成像系统性能的方法,基于通信系统信道评价方法对观测矩阵进行分析,计算成像系统的信道容量,以信道容量来评价系统性能。对100幅成像场景、20种不同类型的观测矩阵以及2种重建算法进行成像仿真,并与成像重建后的图像质量评测效果进行对比分析。结果表明：本文在成像前对系统性能的评价结果与成像后的验证结果具有较好的一致性,当采样比例相同时,重构图像的均方差和信道容量对矩阵元素分布类型具有相同的依赖关系;当矩阵元素分布类型相同时,归一化信道容量和归一化反转均方差随采样次数变化的曲线具有很高的拟合程度,其拟合系数R2值普遍大于0.8。本文方法具有很强的适用性,其效果不随图像尺寸的变化而变化,能够广泛应用于常见的遥感场景。