临近空间大气环境研究现状

临近空间指高度位于(20$\sim$100)\,km之间的地球大气层.简要综述临近空间的已有了解和研究前沿,包括基本状态、主要过程与控制因子.介绍了基于已有探测资料的经验模式的建立和基于基本物理定量规律和数值模拟方法的中层大气环流和化学气候数值模拟.最后从临近空间大气环境保障应用角度提出研究的新建议.      

辣椒油中罂粟碱标准样品的制备与定值

制备辣椒油基质中罂粟碱分析标准样品。在辣椒油样品中加入一定浓度和比例的盐酸罂粟碱标准品,振荡混匀后定量分装,密封避光保存。随机抽取15个独立包装的样品进行均匀性检测,采用单因素方差分析法（F检验）对样品的均匀性进行检验;同时开展短期稳定性和长期稳定性检验,通过F检验和回归统计分析进行样品稳定性检验,并由9个有资质的实验室采用液相色谱-串联质谱法协同定值。通过分析标准样品制备过程中的不确定度来源,计算不确定度分量、合成标准不确定度及扩展不确定度。制备的辣椒油中罂粟碱标准样品均匀性、稳定性良好,罂粟碱含量（质量分数）为（39.4±3.0）μg/kg(k=2)。所制备的标准样品可用于火锅食品系列中罂粟碱检测的方法验证和质量控制。     

花生壳基多孔碳负载Pd-Co催化剂应用于碱性介质中电氧化甲醇

以花生壳为原料,经KOH活化制备花生壳基多孔碳（HC）。氮气吸附-脱附研究表明,所获得的多孔碳的总表面积高达1 645 m²·g^-1。采用浸渍还原法制备了以HC为载体的Pd-Co/HC催化剂。X射线衍射（XRD）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析表明,催化剂中的Co主要以Co和CoO的形式存在,Co进入Pd的晶格并形成Pd-Co合金。Pd-Co/HC_0.5-700的透射电子显微镜（TEM）结果显示,Pd-Co纳米颗粒具有较小粒径（约4 nm）且成功地分散在HC上。Pd-Co/HC_0.5-700在碱性介质中电催化氧化甲醇时表现出优秀的电催化活性、稳定性和CO耐受性,这种显著的高性能可以归因于生物质载体大的表面积和Co的成功掺杂。     

花生壳基多孔碳负载Pd-Co催化剂应用于碱性介质中电氧化甲醇

以花生壳为原料,经KOH活化制备花生壳基多孔碳(HC)。氮气吸附-脱附研究表明,所获得的多孔碳的总表面积高达1 645 m²·g^-1。采用浸渍还原法制备了以HC为载体的Pd-Co/HC催化剂。X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析表明,催化剂中的Co主要以Co和Co O的形式存在,Co进入Pd的晶格并形成Pd-Co合金。Pd-Co/HC_0.5-700的透射电子显微镜(TEM)结果显示,Pd-Co纳米颗粒具有较小粒径(约4 nm)且成功地分散在HC上。Pd-Co/HC_0.5-700在碱性介质中电催化氧化甲醇时表现出优秀的电催化活性、稳定性和CO耐受性,这种显著的高性能可以归因于生物质载体大的表面积和Co的成功掺杂。     

东经120°E中间层和低热层纬向风结构及变化特征

利用热层-电离层-中间层能量和动力学卫星（TIMED）上搭载的多普勒干涉仪（TIDI）获取的为期9年的纬向风数据,考察了东经120°E子午圈中间层和低热层（MLT）平均纬向风的典型结构和变化特征．结果表明,在热带外尤其是中高纬度地区,TIDI观测结果与当前通用的中层大气经验模式有较好的一致性．但是在热带地区,观测与模式显著不同．在TIDI测量覆盖的所有高度（80-105km）上,热带地区纬向风持续地表现为东风,形成一个以赤道为中心的东风带．为期9年的观测数据显示,该东风带的宽度平均为37．5°,平均变化幅度约为14°．     

用焙烧复原法插层组装有机层柱双氢氧化物

有机酸根插层双氢氧化物(简记为:LDHs OA)是制备具有特殊性质和功能的层柱材料的一类重要前驱体[1 3]。本文以Mg6Al2(OH)16CO2-3·6H2O(简记为MgAl CO2-3)和Zn6Al2(OH)16CO2-3·4H2O(简记为ZnAl CO2-3)为前体,用焙烧复原法将十四酸根(简记为14A)和十八酸根(简记为18A)分别插层组装到了MgAl LDHs和ZnAl LDHs层板间而制得了具有大的层间距、良好的结晶度和规整的层状结构的14A(18A)插层LDHs层柱材料(分别简记为MgAl 14A,mgAl 18A,ZnAl 14A,ZnAl 18A),用XRD谱、IR谱表征了插层交换产物的结构。1　实验部分1.1　仪…     

六氟磷酸二(2-苯基吡啶)(2,2'-联噻唑)合铱(Ⅲ)的合成及在中性/暖白光二极管中的应用

以Ir Cl_3·3H_2O为铱(Ⅲ)源,2-苯基吡啶(ppy)为主配体,2,2'-联噻唑(btz)为辅助配体在乙二醇中回流反应后,再与NH_4PF_6水溶液进行离子交换反应,制得新颖橙光阳离子型有机铱(Ⅲ)配合物[(ppy)_2Ir·(btz)]PF_6.将其掺杂到硅树脂中用于Ga N蓝光(455 nm)芯片激发Y_3Al_5O_(12)∶Ce~(3+)(YAG∶Ce,以6.0%质量比掺杂于硅树脂中)构成的白光二极管时,白光色温明显降低.未掺杂[(ppy)_2Ir(btz)]PF_6时,白光色温为7133 K(冷白光),效率为137.1 lm/W,显色指数为79.9,色坐标为(0.31,0.31).当分别掺入1.0%,1.5%和2.0%的[(ppy)_2Ir(btz)]PF_6时,色温依次降为5645 K(冷白光)、4072 K(中性白光)和3161 K(暖白光),效率则分别为102.1,79.1和66.6 lm/W,显色指数分别为81.9,77.3和70.0,色坐标分别为(0.33,0.31),(0.36,0.33)和(0.42,0.38).实验结果表明,[(ppy)_2Ir(btz)]PF_6是一种可用于中性/暖白光LEDs的高效橙光材料.     

Global Structures and Multi-Temporal Variabilities of MLT Migrating Diurnal Tide

Migrating diurnal tide in the MLT region is examined by the application of Hough mode decomposition with the tide delineated from the SABER/TIMED temperatures over 2002-2006. The decomposition results show that in the height range 60-100km, the （1, 1） mode is the most predominant among eight leading Hough modes including four propagating and four trapped modes. It exhibits a sustained maximum at 97 km and significant semi-annual oscillation. Additionally, a novel feature of inter-annual variation with period of about two years is clearly seen in the （1, 1） mode, e.g., repeated maxima are seen at the March equinox of 2002, 2004 and 2006, respectively. This feature is further manifested by the tidal amplitudes in the height range 70-100km in the height-time cross-section at the equator. It is likely of the QBO as the height range just coincides to where the zonal mean zonal winds derived by using the UARS data exhibiting the QBO. The other results show that the （1, 2） mode is important at 〈 80 km exhibiting comparable amplitude to that of the （1, 1） mode, and in particular the nearly anti-correlation with the （1, 1） mode. The tide at about 85 km is suggested of rather complex as the four trapped modes exhibit maximum at these heights, which indicates the presence of local excitations or sources at below.     

Annual Variation and Global Structures of The DE3 Tide

The SABER/TIMED temperatures taken in 2002 2006 are used to delineate the tidal signals in the middle and upper atmosphere. Then the Hough mode decomposition is applied with the DE3 tide, and the overall features of the seasonal variations and the complete global structures of the tide are observed. Investigation results show that the tide is most prominent at 110km with the maximal amplitude of 〉 9K, and exhibits significant seasonal variation with its maximum amplitude always occurring in July every year. Results from the Hough mode decomposition reveal that the tide is composed primarily of two leading propagating Hough modes, i.e., the （-3, 3） and the （-3, 4） modes, thus is equatorially trapped. Estimation of the mean amplitude of the Hough modes show that the （-3, 3） mode and （-3, 4） mode exhibit maxima at 110km and 90km, respectively. The （-3, 3） mode plays a predominant role in shaping the global latitude-height structure of the tide, e.g., the vertical scale of 〉 50 km at the equator, and the annual course. Significant influence of the （-3, 4） mode is found below 90 km, where the tide exhibits anti-symmetric structure about the equator; meanwhile the tide at northern tropical latitudes exhibits smaller vertical wavelength of about 30 km.