原始合金制备方法对RaneyNi催化剂结构及加氢活性的影响

骨架镍催化剂由纳米级镍晶粒、未转变的ＮｉＡｌ３和Ｎｉ２Ａｌ３母相及其界面区组成。Ｘ射线衍射及高分辨电子显微观察发现，脱铝过程中ＮｉＡｌ３晶粒碎裂成纳米级尺寸，而Ｎｉ２Ａｌ３相则不出现碎裂现象。     

Optimization of pick-up coils for weakly damped SQUID gradiometers

The performance of a superconducting quantum interference device(SQUID) gradiometer is always determined by its pick-up coil geometry, such as baseline and radius. In this paper, based on the expressions for the coupled flux threading a magnetometer obtained by Wikswo, we studied how the gradiometer performance parameters, including the current dipole sensitivity, spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), are affected by its pick-up coil via Mat Lab simulation.Depending on the simulation results, the optimal pick-up coil design region for a certain gradiometer can be obtained.To verify the simulation results, we designed and fabricated several first-order gradiometers based on the weakly damped SQUID with different pick-up coils by applying superconducting connection. The experimental measurements were conducted on a simple current dipole in a magnetically shielding room. The measurement results are well in coincidence with the simulation ones, indicating that the simulation model is useful in specific pick-up coil design.     

多个Josephson结性能测试系统与实验验证

在器件制备过程中,超导量子干涉器件(SQUID)和Josephson结的性能测试是非常重要是一个环节.设计一个合理高效的测试方法对于提高测试效率及可靠性非常必要.本文采用多路复用技术,设计了8通道测试电路,减小了电路面积及所需测试箱体积,降低了液氦使用成本并极大提高了测试一致性.本文对测试箱、器件放置及测试杆连接等进行了设计,成功搭建了一套多个Josephson结测试的系统,并根据常温验证的测试结果对电路进行了优化处理.最后,对多个结进行低温测试验证了该测试系统的可行性与优越性.