长距离长期稳定的量子密钥分发系统

介绍了最近完成的长距离长期稳定的量子密钥分发系统.该系统利用往返光路补偿光纤偏振 抖动和相位漂移的原理,采用结电容平衡魔T网络耦合的单光子探测技术,在506km单模 光纤中实现了长时间（大于12h）稳定的量子密钥分发实验.单脉冲平均光子数为007, 误码率为4%,其中单光子探测器的探测效率大于5%,单脉冲暗计数低于29×10^{-6. 关键词： 量子保密通信 量子密钥分发 单光子探测}     

基于探测器模型的MPPC标定方法

探测器的光子数分辨能力是精确描述多光子态的突破口,近年来受到广泛的关注。光子数可分辨探测器有望被进一步应用于量子光学基础研究、量子成像、量子计算、量子通讯以及远距离激光测距等领域。基于空间复用原理的多像素光子计数器具有常温下稳定高效的光子数可分辨探测能力,加上尺寸和成本上的优势使得它成为光子数可分辨探测应用的首选。针对多像素光子计数器,我们通过建模给出了能描述探测器量子特性的标准矫正方法,系统地考虑了探测器量子效率、噪声、各像素点感光面的光子入射效率对量子特性的影响,给出了不同光子数态的正定算子估值测量和魏格纳函数。     

Nonlinear polarization rotation-induced pulse shaping in a stretched-pulse ytterbium-doped fiber laser

We report on controllable pulse shaping in a Yb-doped stretched-pulse fiber laser followed by a high-power chirped pulse amplifier. We demonstrate that the pulses after an extra-cavity grating pair change their intensity profile from Lorentz to Gaussian and then to sech2 shapes by adjusting the intra-cavity polarization through a quarter-wave plate inside the fiber laser cavity. The laser pulses with different pulse shapes exhibit pulse-to-pulse amplitude fluctuation of -- 1.02%, while the sech2-shaped pulse train is provided with a more stable free-running repetition rate as a result of the stronger self-phase modulation in the fiber laser cavity than Lorentz- and Gaussian-shaped pulse trains.     

基于FPGA的单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定系统

目前单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定系统主要是通过分立的通用测试仪器搭建而成。由于单光子雪崩光电二极管的工作模式存在多样化的特点,因此使用该方法搭建的标定系统具有缺乏兼容性、复杂度高、集成化程度低等不足。针对这些问题,本文发展了一种基于现场可编程门阵列的,可以兼容各种雪崩抑制模式的,高度集成化的多种材料体系器件兼容的单光子雪崩光电二极管标定系统。该系统使用现场可编程门阵列替代函数发生器、脉冲产生器和计数器等仪器设备,并利用现场可编程门阵列实现不同雪崩抑制模式下雪崩光电二极管的驱动电路和标定光源的智能切换,从而大幅提高了系统的兼容性和集成化程度,也进一步降低了系统的复杂度、提高了系统的稳定度。文中,我们利用该系统对工作在主动抑制模式的硅雪崩光电二极管和门控盖革模式的铟镓砷/铟磷雪崩光电二极管进行了标定实验。标定结果显示所标定的硅雪崩光电二极管的最大探测效率为49.82%,对应暗计数为1.41kHz;铟镓砷/铟磷雪崩光电二极管的最大探测效率为7.14%,对应暗计数为831 Hz,在探测效率为5%时,后脉冲的概率为5.84%。实验结果表明,我们为单光子雪崩光电二极管标定提供了一种便捷的一体化解决方案,提高了单光子雪崩光电二极管的标定效率和标定系统的实用化程度。     

Pump-induced carrier envelope offset frequency dynamics and stabilization of an Yb-doped fiber frequency comb

In this paper, we demonstrate a carrier envelope phase-stabilized Yb-doped fiber frequency comb seeding by a nonlinear-polarization-evolution（NPE） mode-locked laser at a repetition rate of 60 MHz with a pulse duration of 191 fs.The pump-induced carrier envelope offset frequency（ f0） nonlinear tuning is discussed and further explained by the spectrum shift of the laser pulse. Through the environmental noise suppression, the drift of the free-running f0 is reduced down to less than 3 MHz within an hour. By feedback control on the pump power with a self-made phase-lock loop（PLL）electronics the carrier envelope offset frequency is well phase-locked with a frequency jitter of 85 m Hz within an hour.