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对超声提取法从尼龙等食品接触材料中分离出5种酸胺类物质(丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、己内酰胺、油酸酰胺和硬脂酰胺)的条件进行了优化。预先将所分析的材料洗净晾干,剪成0.5cm×0.5cm的小块,并混匀。取此样品1.00g,用甲醇先后提取2次,每次加甲醇25mL,于25℃超声提取30min。将提取后过滤所得滤液合并,在45℃吹氮至近干。残渣用甲醇溶解并定容至50.0mL。取此溶液1.0mL,用0.22μm滤膜过滤,取其滤液按仪器工作条件进行气相色谱-质谱分析。选用Agilent HP5-MS色谱柱及在60~270℃区间按程序升温模式进行色谱分离,并按5种酰胺化合物的保留时间进行质谱测定。上述5种酰胺的质量浓度均在5~100mg·L~(-1)内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系。测得其检出限(3S/N)为0.08~1.0mg·L~(-1)。以空白样品为基体,加入5种酰胺的混合标准溶液进行回收试验,测得回收率为90.2%~104%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.78%~1.7%。按本方法分析了4件实样,结果仅在尼龙炊具中检测到已内酰胺,质量分数为10mg·kg~(-1),小于欧盟规定的迁移限量(15mg·kg~(-1))。 相似文献
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A three-dimensional chiral metamaterial with four-fold rotational symmetry is designed, and its optical properties are investigated by numerical simulations. The results show that this chiral metamaterial has the following features: high polarization conversion, perfect circular dichroism, and asymmetric transmission of circularly polarized light. A comparison of the results of chiral metamaterials without and with weak coupling between the constituent nanostructures enables us to confirm that the optical properties of our proposed nanostructure are closely related to the coupling between the single nanoparticles. This means that the coupling between nanoparticles can enhance the polarization conversion, circular dichroism, and asymmetric transmission. Due to the excellent optical properties, our metamaterial might have potential applications in the development of future multi-functional optical devices. 相似文献
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Equilibrium structures and infrared spectra of four typical molecular models of coal have been studied by density functional calculations. Combining theoretical calculations on the coal models with experimental FT-IR spectra of selected low rank perhydrous coals, a plausible molecular representation for this kind of coals was proposed, and its predicted IR spectra reasonably match the experimental observation. Calculations indicate that the cleavage of the C-C bridge bond for the coal structures considered here occurs at about 540 ℃ and the C-O ether bridge bond may break under temperature ranging from 500 to 600 ℃ for the aryl-CH2-O-CH2-aryl ether bond or from 200 to 300 ℃ for the aryl-CH2-O-aryl ether bond, showing remarkable effect of the local structural environment. The coal model containing the carboxyl group may release CO2 at about 300 ℃ through the decarboxylation with a barrier of 69 kcal/mol. 相似文献
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