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1.
Crystal-Orientation Dependent Evolution of Edge Dislocations from a Void in Single Crystal Cu
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The micro-void growth by dislocation emission under tensile loading is explored with focus on the influence of crystal orientations. Based on the elastic theory, a dislocation emission criterion is formulated. It is predicted that the preferential location of dislocation nucleation and its threshold stress are dependent on the crystal orientation. Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are also performed for single crystal copper to illustrate the dislocation evolution pattern associated with a nano-void growth. The results are in line with those given by the theoretical prediction. As revealed by MD simulations, the characteristics of void growth at micro-scale depend greatly on the crystal-orientation. 相似文献
2.
利用分子动力学方法模拟计算了单晶铜中纳米孔洞在沿〈111〉晶向冲击加载下增长的早期过程.测量发现不同加载强度下等效孔洞半径随时间近似成线性变化.观测到单孔洞增长的两种位错生长机理:加载强度较低时,只在沿着冲击加载方向的孔洞顶点附近区域有位错的成核和运动;而随着加载强度超过一定阈值,在沿冲击加载和其垂直方向的孔洞顶点区域都观察到位错的成核和运动.在前一种机理作用下,孔洞只沿加载方向增长;在后一种机理作用下,孔洞同时沿加载和垂直于加载方向增长.分析孔洞表面原子的位移历史,发现沿加载及与其垂直方向的孔洞顶点沿径向的速度基本恒定,由此提出了一个孔洞生长模型,可以解释孔洞增长的线性生长规律.
关键词:
纳米孔洞
分子动力学
冲击加载
位错 相似文献
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立方氮化硅是高温高压研究近期合成得到的一种新物相,与已经在工业上普遍使用的氮化硅的两种六方物相(α相和β相)相比,新物相的密度增加了26%,预期是一种新型功能材料。简要综述了立方氮化硅的研究进展和存在的问题,讨论了立方氮化硅的人工合成和相关物性研究、Ⅳ(A)族氮化物(Ge3N4、Sn3N4、C3N4)的高密度物相研究,以及后尖晶石相氮化物的实验和理论探索等问题。介绍了作者最近利用炸药爆轰加载技术开展的冲击波合成实验结果,以α相氮化硅为冲击压缩前驱体,实现了在单次冲击波压缩实验中合成出了克量级立方氮化硅粉体,为进一步开展立方氮化硅的性能研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
5.
With the environment temperature varying from 273 K to 773 K, the dynamic process of void growth in pure aluminium at high strain-rate loading is calculated based on the dynamic growth equation of a void with internal pressure. The result shows that the effect of temperature on the growth of void should be emphasized. Because the initial pressure of void with gas will increase and the viscosity of materials will decrease with the rising of temperature, the growth of void is accelerated. Furthermore, material inertia restrains the growth of void evidently when the diameter exceeds 10 μm. The effect of surface tension is very weak in the whole process of void growth. 相似文献
6.
Measurement and Analysis of Spall Characteristics of High-Pure Aluminium at One-Dimensional Strain Loading
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With an impact velocity varying from 196.9m/s to 317.9m/s and ratios of flyer/sample thickness of 2:4 and 3:6, the free-surface velocity profiles of the shock compressed high purity aluminium (HPA 99.999%) samples are measured with a velocity interferometer system for any reflector. Based on the vibrating features of the velocity profiles, the damage behaviour of HPA is analysed. The results indicate that the vibrating amplitude increases with increasing shock stress, and the subsequent reverberations describing the spall become more obvious. When the shock stress in the material is below a critical or smaller than the threshold level, the free-surface velocity profile replicates virtually the form of the compression pulse inside the sample. When the impact stress exceeds a critical value (1.4 GPa), the micro damage would appear, and the free-surface velocity profile changes significantly, showing a series of short-duration reverberations in the profile. When the impact stress exceeds the threshold of damage, a compressive disturbance called the "spall pulse" appears in the free-surface velocity profile, and the subsequent reverberation becomes regular again. The measured spall strength of HPA is much higher than those of commercially pure aluminium reported in many references. In addition, the strength of HPA is similar to that of single-crystal aluminium. 相似文献
7.
基于单孔洞近似,对不同撞击速度下高纯铝的部分层裂实验进行了数值模拟研究,讨论了微孔洞长大对波传播的影响及其在自由面速度波剖面上的表现. 通过分析微孔洞周围的应力场变化,认识到实测自由面速度波剖面出现"回跳"特征并不能说明材料发生完全层裂,其直接原因是样品内部微孔洞长大所引起的局部卸载效应. 将计算得到的自由面速度波剖面和微孔洞相对体积与实验结果进行了对比分析,发现两者均符合很好,表明采用单孔洞增长来近似描述部分层裂样品中随机损伤发展及其对波传播的影响是可行的.
关键词:
层裂
孔洞增长
自由面速度波剖面
微孔洞相对体积 相似文献
8.
介绍了一种简便易行的降低疏松固体物质冲击波温度的方法,其要点是用液体石蜡充填样品的空隙。以用粉末锐钛矿压装成型的样品为例,对比了不充填和充填液态石蜡时冲击波作用的结果。在同样的冲击加载条件下(均为钢飞片,撞击速度为3.16 km/s),估算两种样品中达到的压力分别为36.3 GPa和46.8 GPa,平均温度分别约为4.7×103 ℃和2.0×103 ℃,即:充填液态石蜡的样品中压力增加了约10 GPa,但平均温度降低了近3×103 ℃。对冲击后回收样品的分析结果表明,不充填石蜡样品的主要产物为金红石,即冲击波产生的高温起了主要作用。而充填液态石蜡时,主要生成β-TiO2高压相,即高压起了主要作用。 相似文献
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采用轻气炮加载技术和激光速度干涉(VISAR)测速技术相结合,对不同拉伸应变率条件下20钢的层裂特性进行了实验研究。通过改变飞片和样品的几何尺寸来调整拉伸应变率的大小,研究了拉伸应变率对20钢层裂强度的影响。实验的拉伸应变率的变化范围为104~106 s-1,最大拉伸应变率接近激光加载所能产生的拉伸应变率,相比激光加载,薄飞片技术容易保证一维应变条件。实验结果显示20钢的层裂特性明显依赖着拉伸应变率的大小,106 s-1条件下层裂强度比104 s-1时提高近70%。基于对数值计算结果的分析,讨论了影响层裂强度的主要外载荷因素。 相似文献
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对材料损伤破碎规律的分析是研究材料损伤断裂行为的一种有效途径。本文着重介绍了高应变率加载下材料损伤破碎规律的研究进展、基于损伤断裂机理的研究以及材料损伤破碎过程自相似性的分形理论研究,讨论了材料损伤破碎规律与材料自身属性和外部加载条件的相互关系。 相似文献