溶液法制备氧化锌晶体的微结构及发光特性研究

以醋酸锌和六次甲基四胺为原料在不同的溶液环境中,采用水热法或热溶液法合成了不同形貌的微纳氧化锌.氧化锌形貌和尺寸的控制对合成环境有强烈的依赖.通过化学吸附将乙二胺四乙酸二钠和柠檬酸吸附在氧化锌的极性面上,可以抑制极性面的晶体生长,调控氧化锌的晶体形貌.这种选择吸附性导致了样品形貌的不同.拉曼光谱测试结果表明,在柠檬酸溶液中合成的氧化锌的晶粒更小.光致发光光谱测试结果表明,所得到的氧化锌的发光是激子和缺陷发光.     

Controllable synthesis of high aspect ratio Mg_2B_2O_5 nanowires and their applications in reinforced polyhydroxyalkanoate composites

Highly pure magnesium borate （Mg2B2O5） nanowires with an average diameter of - 30 nm, an average length of 15 μm, and a high aspect ratio of - 500 have been synthesized on a large scale via a two-step method. MgBO2（OH） nanowires with high aspect ratios were first prepared via a PVP-assisted hydrothermal technique. Using these nanowires as precursors, single crystalline Mg2B205 nanowires were synthesized by post-annealing treatment at a relatively low temperature of 700 ℃. The important effect of the MgBO2（OH）-Mg2B2O5 conversion process on the morphology of the Mg2B2O5 nanowires was investigated and it was indicated that the recrystallization process plays an important role in the protection of the one-dimensional （1D） nanostructure. Moreover, the rigidity and the toughness of the Mg2B2O5 nanowire- reinforced PHA composites were tremendously improved compared to those of the pure PHA. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of Mg2B2O5 nanowires for reinforcement applications in polymer composites.     

Effect of chloride introduction on the optical properties in Eu~(3+)-doped fluorozirconate glasses

Fluorozirconate glass containing Eu~(3+) ions and chloride ions are prepared by a meltquenching method. The luminescence behavior of Eu~(3+) affected by Cl ions is investigated. With increasing Cl ion concentration, the luminous intensity of Eu~(3+) is significantly enhanced and the quantum efficiency of fluorozirconate glass is improved. Meanwhile, the intensity parameter ?_2 increases according to the Judd–Ofelt calculation, which indicates the decrease of local symmetry. The average lifetime of Eu~(3+) increases by introducing the Cl ions. Moreover, we find two kinds of sites for Eu~(3+)ions in a glass network by analyzing the fluorescence decay. The distribution of Eu~(3+) ions changes with increasing Cl ion concentration.In addition, the excessive Cl ions lead to the separation of the glass phase and the formation of the crystal phase, thus reducing the transmittance dramatically.     

Eu_(0.9)M_(0.1)TiO_3(M=Ca,Sr,Ba,La,Ce,Sm)的磁性和磁热效应

EuTi0_3是直接带隙半导体材料,在液氦温度附近呈现反铁磁性,且具有较大的磁熵变,但是当其转变为铁磁性时,可以有效提高低磁场下的磁熵变.本文通过元素替代,研究晶格常数的变化和电子掺杂对磁性和磁热效应的影响.实验采用溶胶凝胶法制备EuTiO_3和Eu_(0.9)M_(0.1)TiO_3 (M=Ca, Sr, Ba, La, Ce, Sm)系列样品.结果表明:大离子半径的碱土金属离子替代提高了铁磁性耦合,有利于提高低磁场下的磁热效应.电子掺杂可以抑制其反铁磁性耦合从而使其表现为铁磁性.当大离子半径的稀土La和Ce离子替代Eu离子时,既增大了晶格常数也实现了电子掺杂,表现出较强的铁磁性.在1 T的磁场变化下,Eu_(0.9)La_(0.1)TiO_3和Eu_(0.9)Ce_(0.1)TiO_3的最大磁熵变分别为10.8和11 J/(kg·K),均大于EuTi0_3的9.8 J/(kg·K);制冷能力分别为39.3和51.8 J/kg,相对于EuTi0_3也有所提高.     

Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect in RE55Co30Al10Si5 (RE = Er and Tm) amorphous ribbons

The magnetic and magnetocaloric effects (MCE) of the amorphous $RE_{55}$Co$_{30}$Al$_{10}$Si$_{5}$ ($RE={\rm Er}$ and Tm) ribbons were systematically investigated in this paper. Compounds with $R ={\rm Er}$ and Tm undergo a second-order magnetic phase transition from ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) around Curie temperature $T_{\rm C} \sim 9.3$ K and 3 K, respectively. For Er$_{55}$Co$_{30}$Al$_{10}$Si$_{5}$ compound, an obvious magnetic hysteresis and thermal hysteresis were observed at low field below 6 K, possibly due to spin-glass behavior. Under the field change of 0 T-5 T, the maximum values of magnetic entropy change ($-\Delta S_{\rm M}^{\rm max}$) reach as high as 15.6 J/kg$\cdot$K and 15.7 J/kg$\cdot$K for Er$_{55}$Co$_{30}$Al$_{10}$Si$_{5}$ and Tm$_{55}$Co$_{30}$Al$_{10}$Si$_{5}$ compounds, corresponding refrigerant capacity (RC) values are estimated as 303 J/kg and 189 J/kg, respectively. The large MCE makes amorphous $RE_{55}$Co$_{30}$Al$_{10}$Si$_{5 }$ ($RE={\rm Er}$ and Tm) alloys become very attractive magnetic refrigeration materials in the low-temperature region.     

Giant low-field magnetocaloric effect in EuTi_(1-x)Nb_xO_3(x = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) compounds

The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect(MCE)of EuTi(1-x)NbxO3(x=0.05,0.1,0.15,and 0.2)compounds are investigated.Owing to electronic doping,parts of Ti ions are replaced by Nb ions,the lattice constant increases and a small number of Ti⁴⁺(3d^0)ions change into Ti³⁺(3d^1).It is the ferromagnetism state that is dominant in the derivative balance.The values of the maximum magnetic entropy change(-?SM^max)are 10.3 J/kg·K,9.6 J/kg·K,13.1 J/kg·K,and 11.9 J/kg·K for EuTi(1-x)NbxO3(x=0.05,0.1,0.15,and 0.2)compounds and the values of refrigeration capacity are 36,33,86,and 80 J/kg as magnetic field changes in a range of 0 T–1 T.The EuTi(1-x)NbxO3(x=0.05,0.1,0.15,and 0.2)compounds with giant reversible MCE are considered as a good candidate for magnetic refrigerant working at lowtemperature and low-field.     

Synthesized few-layers hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets

The hexagonal boron nitrides(BNs) with different morphologies are synthesized on a large scale by a simple route using a two-step synthetic process. The morphology of h-BN can be easily controlled by changing the heat-treatment atmosphere. The whiskers with 0.5-10 μm in diameter and 50-100 μm in length consist of few-layers nanosheets in the NH_3 gas. The BN nanosheets can be dissociated from the whiskers by ultrasonic treatment, which are less than 5 nm in thickness and even only two layers thick. The concentration and activity of N play an important role, and abundant N and higher activity are conducive for refining grain in reaction. The H_3BO_3 and C_3N_6H_6 molecules form a layer-like morphology with the interlinked planar triangle by a hydrogen-bonded structure.     

Influences of La and Ce doping on giant magnetocaloric effect of EuTiO

Giant reversible magnetocaloric effects and magnetic properties in Eu_(0.9)R_(0.1)TiO_3 (R = La, Ce) are investigated. The antiferromagnetic ordering of pure Eu TiO_3 can significantly change to be ferromagnetic as substitution of La(x = 0.1)and Ce(x = 0.1) ions for Eu~(2+) ions. The values of-?S_M and RC are evaluated to be 10.8 J/(kg·K) and 51.8 J/kg for Eu_(0.9)Ce_(0.1)TiO_3 and 11 J/(kg·K) and 39.3 J/kg for Eu_(0.9)La_(0.1)TiO_3 at a magnetic field change of 10 kOe, respectively. The large low-field enhancements of-?S_M and RC can be attributed to magnetic phase transition. The giant reversible MCE and large RC suggest that Eu_(0.9)R_(0.1)TiO_3 (R = La, Ce) compounds could be promising materials in low temperature and low magnetic field refrigerants.     

Observation of giant magnetocaloric effect under low magnetic fields in EuTi_(1-x)Co_xO_3

The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect(MCE) in EuTi_(1-x)Co_xO_3(x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) compounds have been investigated. When the Ti~(4+) ions were substituted by Co2+ions, the delicate balance was changed between antiferromagnetic(AFM) and ferromagnetic(FM) phases in the EuTiO_3 compound. In EuTi_(1-x)Co_xO_3 system, a giant reversible MCE and large refrigerant capacity(RC) were observed without hysteresis. The values of -?S_M~(max) were evaluated to be around 10 J·kg~(-1)·K~(-1) for EuTi_(0.95)Co_(0.05)O_3 under a magnetic field change of 10 kOe. The giant reversible MCE and large RC suggests that EuTi_(1-x)Co_xO_3 series could be considered as good candidate materials for low-temperature and low-field magnetic refrigerant.