加速器质谱在核科学研究中的应用进展

加速器质谱(AMS) 由于其极高的测量灵敏度而广泛应用于核科学、生命科学、地球科学、环境科学和考古学等研究领域,同时,AMS还可以用来分析样品中的微量核素,是核科学领域的重要研究工具。目前,AMS研究的最新领域是U和Pu 等锕系元素的测量,在核保障、核监测及核试验沉降物示踪大气输运和表面沉积物的迁移等研究中也显示出了较大潜力。综述了AMS在核科学研究中的应用及研究现状,主要包括AMS在放射性核素半衰期的测定、核反应截面的测量等方面的研究进展。Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a promising method to provide extreme sensitivity measurements of the production yields of long-lived radioisotopes, which cannot be detected by other methods. AMS technique plays an important role in the research of nuclear physics, as well as the application field of AMS covered nuclear science and technology, life science, earth science, environmental science, archaeology etc. The newest AMS field is that of actinide, particularly U and Pu, isotopic assay with expanding applications in nuclear safeguards and monitoring, and as a modern bomb-fallout tracer for atmospheric transport and surface sediment movement. This paper reviews the applications of AMS in the research of nuclear energy and nuclear security including the research of half life of radionuclides, cross section of nuclear reaction.