旋转肥皂泡热对流能量耗散与边界层特性的数值模拟

将底部加热的半个肥皂泡作为一个新的热对流模型,结合了肥皂泡固有的球面与准二维特征,由此有助于理解行星大气流动中的复杂物理机制与热对流特性.本文使用直接数值模拟方法计算了旋转肥皂泡上的湍流热对流,研究了肥皂泡上的温度与黏性边界层以及拟热能和动能耗散规律.结合肥皂泡上温度场与速度场特征,分别根据温度脉动均方根最大值以及速度脉动边界处斜率延长线与最大值交点提出了肥皂泡上温度与黏性边界层的识别方法.研究发现,当肥皂泡从边界吸收能量时,拟热能耗散与动能耗散均集中在边界层中,肥皂泡上的温度边界层与黏性边界层厚度与瑞利数Ra存在明确的标度关系.相比经典Rayleigh-Bénrad对流(RB对流)模型,温度标度指数具有较为接近的结果,但速度标度指数存在一定的差异.此外,在混合区,均方根温度(T^*)随纬度(θ)具有近似T^*～θ^0.5的标度关系,这与RB对流模型及其相应的理论预测一致.最后通过能量平衡方程发现,肥皂泡上拟热能内耗散率ε0/T和动能内耗散率ε0/u比拟热能外耗散率ε1/T和动能外耗散率ε1/u大1个量级,拟热能与动能的内部耗...     

Particle captured by a field-modulating vortex through dielectrophoresis force

In microfluidic technology, dielectrophoresis (DEP) is commonly used to manipulate particles. In this work, the fluid-particle interactions in a microfluidic system are investigated numerically by a finite difference method (FDM) for electric field distribution and a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for the fluid flow. In this system, efficient particle manipulation may be realized by combining DEP and field-modulating vortex. The influence of the density ($\rho_{\rm p}$), radius ($r$), and initial position of the particle in the $y$ direction ($y_{\rm p0}$), and the slip velocity ($u_{0}$) on the particle manipulation are studied systematically. It is found that compared with the particle without action of DEP force, the particle subjected to a DEP force may be captured by the vortex over a wider range of parameters. In the $y$ direction, as $\rho_{\rm p}$ or $r $ increases, the particle can be captured more easily by the vortex since it is subjected to a stronger DEP force. When $u_{0}$ is low, particle is more likely to be captured due to the vortex-particle interaction. Furthermore, the flow field around the particle is analyzed to explore the underlying mechanism. The results obtained in the present study may provide theoretical support for engineering applications of field-controlled vortices to manipulate particles.     

底部加热肥皂泡上准二维湍流的数值模拟北大核心CSCD

底部加热的肥皂泡是一种全新的二维热对流模型,在实验中已发现肥皂泡上的岛涡运动规律与飓风轨迹规律一致.然而,肥皂泡的曲面特征对其准二维流场的数值模拟以及数据分析造成了较多困难.针对肥皂泡球面几何特征,该文介绍了其直接数值模拟(DNS)方法,及其流场空间波数谱、湍流通量和结构函数的计算分析方法.开展了Ra=3×10^(7),3×10^(9),3×10^(11)的数值计算,并获得了相应的波数谱、通量和湍流结构函数.计算结果表明,肥皂泡上速度的小尺度脉动特征满足Bo59的理论标度律,通过湍动能与拟涡能通量特征,发现在该准二维湍流场中存在湍流能量双级串现象.且随着Rayleigh数的增加,大尺度结构湍能量减小,更小尺度湍流结构能量增加.     

Effect of Joule heating on the electroosmotic microvortex and dielectrophoretic particle separation controlled by local electric field

Dielectrophoresis (DEP) technology has become important application of microfluidic technology to manipulate particles. By using a local modulating electric field to control the combination of electroosmotic microvortices and DEP, our group proposed a device using a direct current (DC) electric field to achieve continuous particle separation. In this paper, the influence of the Joule heating effect on the continuous separation of particles is analyzed. Results show that the Joule heating effect is caused by the local electric field, and the Joule heating effect caused by adjusting the modulating voltage is more significant than that by driving voltage. Moreover, a non-uniform temperature distribution exists in the channel due to the Joule heating effect, and the temperature is the highest at the midpoint of the modulating electrodes. The channel flux can be enhanced, and the enhancement of both the channel flux and temperature is more obvious for a stronger Joule heating effect. In addition, the ability of the vortices to trap particles is enhanced since a larger DEP force is exerted on the particles with the Joule heating effect; and the ability of the vortex to capture particles is stronger with a stronger Joule heating effect. The separation efficiency can also be increased because perfect separation is achieved at a higher channel flux. Parameter optimization of the separation device, such as the convective heat transfer coefficient of the channel wall, the length of modulating electrode, and the width of the channel, is performed.