石墨烯气凝胶的可控组装

石墨烯气凝胶一般是由石墨烯片层经过湿法化学组装或气相化学生长获得的一种具有连通多孔网络结构的石墨烯三维宏观体材料,表现出极高的比表面积、良好的导电性以及优异的机械性能等,在电化学储能、吸附、催化以及传感等领域有着极为重要的应用。本文从石墨烯气凝胶的结构设计与组装策略出发,综述了近年来石墨烯纳米结构单元在石墨烯气凝胶材料（氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯、化学气相沉积（CVD）石墨烯、以及复合气凝胶等）中的组装行为,并对石墨烯气凝胶目前的现状及今后发展方向做了简要评述。     

基于MEMS微镜的长波近红外光谱仪的设计与实现

为适应光谱仪微型化、集成化的发展趋势,详细分析了MEMS微镜应用于微型长波近红外光谱仪的方法和涉及的主要问题,例如分光系统的设计、MEMS微镜的选择、探测器与前置放大电路的设计等。并将50 Hz谐振频率、峰峰驱动电压为10V的MEMS微镜、高灵敏度的InGaAs单元探测器,结合立特罗式分光光路,设计和实现了900～2 055 nm波段的微型长波近红外光谱仪样机,其中1 000～1 965 nm谱段的光谱分辨率介于9.4～16 nm之间。采用MEMS扫描微镜技术后,一方面简化了光谱仪中的复杂机械结构,使尺寸可以更小;另一方面实现了单探测器的长波近红外光谱仪,与阵列长波近红外探测器光谱仪相比,成本有所降低。作为应用实例,此样机成功对纯水以及乙醇-水溶液的长波近红外光谱进行了测量,实现了乙醇-水溶液的浓度预测分析,其中本样机测量的纯水长波近红外光谱与文献相符。     

Planning and control of 3-D nano-manipulation

The use of atomic force microscope (AFM) as a nanomanipulator has been evolving for various kinds of nano-manipulation tasks. Due to the bow effect of the piezo scanner of the AFM, the AFM space is different from the Cartesian space. Traditional nanomanipulation based on AFM is only a 2-D operation and does not consider the bow effect of the piezotube. In this paper, different 3-D nanomanipulation tasks using AFM such as nanolithography, pushing and cutting have been discussed. 3-D path planning is performed directly in the AFM space and the 3-D paths are generated based on the 3-D topography information of the surface represented in the AFM space. This approach can avoid the mappings between the AFM space and Cartesian space in planning. By following the generated motion paths, the tip can either follow the topography of the surface or move across the surface by avoiding collision with bumps. Nanomanipulation using this method can be considered as the “true“ 3-D operations since the cantilever tip can be controlled to follow any desired 3-D trajectory within the range of AFM space. The experimental study shows the effectiveness of the planning and control scheme.