纳米硅薄膜光吸收谱的研究

用恒定光电导法测量了纳米硅(其晶粒尺寸为3-5nm,晶态成分比X_c为45％—50％)薄膜在0.9—2.5eV范围的光吸收谱。分析了在不同光子能量范围可能存在的对光电导作主要贡献的几种光跃迁过程,以及随着X_c的增加,材料由非晶、微晶转变为纳米硅薄膜时光吸收谱的变化。发现纳米硅晶粒之间的界面区(平均厚度约为1nm)中载流子的跃迁及传输过程对整个范围的光吸收谱起主导作用。联系纳米硅的这种特殊结构解释了有关实验结果。 关键词：     

First-Principles Study on the Electronic Structures for Y^3＋：PbWO4 Crystals

The possible defect models of Y^3＋：PbWO4 crystals are discussed by defect chemistry and the most possible substituting positions of the impurity Y^3＋ ions are studied by using the general utility lattice program （GULP）. The calculated results indicate that in the lightly doped Y^3＋ ：PWO crystal, the main compensating mechanism is [2Ypb^＋ ＋ VPb^2-], and in the heavily doped Y^3＋ ：PWO crystal, it will bring interstitial oxygen ions to compensate the positive electricity caused by YPb^＋, forming defect clusters of [2Ypb^＋ ＋Oi^2-] in the crystal. The electronic structures of Y3＋ ：PWO with different defect models are calculated using the DV-Xα method. It can be concluded from the electronic structures that, for lightly doped cases, the energy gap of the crystal would be broadened and the 420nm absorption band will be restricted; for heavily doped cases, because of the existence of interstitial oxygen ions, it can bring a new absorption band and reduce the radiation hardness of the crystal.     

偶函数的一个性质

1性质的引入我们知道奇函数f(x)如果在x=0处有定义,那么就有f(0)=0.其实偶函数也有一个对偶形式的性质:若偶函数f(x)在x=0处有定义且可导,则f′(0)=0.2性质的证明因为偶函数f(x)在x=0处可导,所以limx→0 f(x)-f(0)x=limx→0-f(x)-f(0)x.又∵f(x)=f(-x),x→0-即-x→0 ,∴lim-x→     

测试温度对nc-Si∶H膜光致发光特性的影响

利用常规等离子体化学气相沉积（ＰＥＣＶＤ）工艺制备了ｎｃ－Ｓｉ∶Ｈ膜，并对其光致发光（ＰＬ）特性从１０～２５０Ｋ温度范围内进行了变温测量．实验结果指出，随着测试温度升高，ＰＬ峰值能量发生了５４ｍｅＶ的红移，ＰＬ强度在Ｔ＞８０Ｋ后呈指数下降趋势．ＰＬ峰值能量的红移起因于带隙的收缩，而ＰＬ强度的减弱则是由于非辐射复合起了主导作用．     

高分子基PTC复合材料的研究及其应用

本文概述了高分子基PTC复合材料最近的研究动态，阐述了其作为热敏材料在自控温加热系统和过流保护元件方面的广泛应用。     

镓(Ⅲ)-茜素氨羧络合剂在碳糊电极上的阳极吸附伏安法研究及应用

研究了镓(Ⅲ)-茜素氨羧络合剂(ALC)在碳糊电极上的阳极吸附伏安行为,并以此建立了一种高灵敏度、高选择性测定镓的吸附伏安法.在0.12 mol/L HAc-NaAc-0.24 mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾底液(pH 4.5)中,-0.10 V (vs.SCE) 富集90 s (或180 s),以250 mV/s扫速线性扫描至0.90 V, Ga3+-ALC在碳糊电极上产生灵敏的与ALC的峰电位相差近230 mV的吸附氧化峰,其二次导数峰电流与镓浓度在5.0×10-10～8.0×10-7 mol/L范围内呈线性关系;富集240 s检出限达3.0×10-10 mol/L(S/N=3).探讨了电极反应机理.该法用于粮食样品中镓的测定,结果满意.     

预浓缩/色谱-质谱测量大气中挥发性有机硫化合物

硫循环是生物地化循环中最复杂的循环之一. 近年来,由于人类活动的影响,大气中硫化物含量急剧增加. 这些硫化物与大气中自由基发生作用,形成SO2、H2SO4和硫酸盐, 导致环境酸化, 酸沉降加剧.硫酸盐气溶胶的形成还改变了大气云层特性,影响大气臭氧含量的垂直分布以及大气热量辐射,对温室效应有一定的贡献[1-3].挥发性有机硫化合物中的甲硫醇(MT),甲硫醚(DMS),二硫化碳(CS2)和二甲二硫(DMDS)还是国家标准控制《恶臭污染物排放标准》中规定的4种恶臭气体,对大气环境质量造成一定的影响.     

EPR Study on the complex formed by charge-transfer process between ground-state acceptor chloranil and nine donors

EPR study showed that the semi-quinone radical anion of chloranil (TCQ) was formed in a charge-transfer process between ground state chloranil as acceptor and each one of the following ground state donors,i.e.,N,N'-diethyl aniline (DEA),phenothiazine (PTZ),carbazole (CBZ),pyrene (PY),ferrocene (FRO),triphenylphosphine (TPP),triethylamine (TEA),anthracene (AN) and N,N-diethyl-3-aminophenyl ester of palmitic acid (DPP).Our results indicate that there is a tunneling effect for the ground-state charge-transfer process between chloranil and the donor.     

碳原子簇的结构与质谱关联

在自制的仪器上以脉冲激光蒸发和电离单质碳样品,可以产生各种大小的碳原子簇正负离子。这些原子簇的飞行时间质谱可以直接与Hückel规则、Euler定理等相关联。而由此分析得出,随着碳原子簇的增大,它们所经历的各种基本几何构型的转化。