Electrical control of magnetism in oxides

Recent progress in the electrical control of magnetism in oxides,with profound physics and enormous potential applications,is reviewed and illustrated.In the first part,we provide a comprehensive summary of the electrical control of magnetism in the classic multiferroic heterostructures and clarify the various mechanisms lying behind them.The second part focuses on the novel technique of electric double layer gating for driving a significant electronic phase transition in magnetic oxides by a small voltage.In the third part,electric field applied on ordinary dielectric oxide is used to control the magnetic phenomenon originating from charge transfer and orbital reconstruction at the interface between dissimilar correlated oxides.At the end,we analyze the challenges in electrical control of magnetism in oxides,both the mechanisms and practical applications,which will inspire more in-depth research and advance the development in this field.     

ICP-MS法测定板栗自交与异交后子房微量元素的含量变化

为探明板栗授粉后子房的微量元素需求分配规律,应用电感耦合等离子体质谱测定与分析板栗自交与异交子房主要微量元素的含量。结果表明：板栗自交与异交5～50 d,六种微量元素均呈波动的变化趋势。授粉后20 d,异交Ca含量达到最高为6.50 mg·g-1,而自交后10 d,子房的Ca含量达到最高为7.77 mg·g-1。授粉后30 d,异交和自交子房Mg含量都达到最高,分别为4.19和4.69 mg·g-1。授粉后5 d,异交子房Zn含量达到最高,为0.038 7 mg·g-1,而自交后10 d达到最高为0.039 9 mg·g-1。授粉后35 d,自交和异交子房Fe含量达到最高,分别为0.022和0.019 mg·g-1。授粉后20 d,异交和自交子房Cu含量达到最高,分别为0.056和0.045 mg·g-1。授粉后40 d,自交子房Mn含量达到最高,为1.204 mg·g-1,而异交30 d,其子房Mn含量达到最高为0.845 mg·g-1。研究结果可为在生产上喷施微肥来调控板栗子房发育提供参考依据,从而来提高板栗产量。