双层自组装分子/离子液体复合润滑薄膜的制备及其摩擦学性能研究

利用自组装和喷覆技术,在单晶硅(Si)表面制备了N-3-(三甲氧基硅烷基)丙基乙二胺(DA)-月桂酰氯(LA)-1-十二烷基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体(ILs)双层自组装分子/离子液体复合润滑薄膜(DA-LA-ILs).采用接触角测量仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对复合润滑薄膜进行了润湿性能、分子组分、微观形貌和微尺度黏附行为的研究;利用球-盘摩擦磨损试验机研究了该薄膜的摩擦学性能.结果表明:经DA-LA-ILs复合润滑薄膜改性后,有效改善了Si表面的微观黏着性能;同时,相较于DA-LA双层自组装分子膜改性的Si表面和直接由ILs修饰的Si表面,该复合润滑薄膜具有良好的宏观减摩抗磨性能.研究为DA-LA-ILs复合润滑薄膜应用于微机电系统,降低微接触表面的黏着并提高耐磨性能提供了理论依据和试验基础.     

2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃低压热解实验和动力学模型研究

2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃是一种非常有应用潜力的生物质燃料。本文利用同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱(SVUVPIMS)技术,研究了2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃在压力为3990 Pa、温度从948到1198 K条件下的流动管热解反应。实验探测到了包括自由基和稳定产物在内的四十余种物种,基于实验结果,提出了一个由265个物种和1490个反应组成的动力学模型,并利用实验结果进行了验证;通过生成速率(ROP)分析,得到了燃料的初级解离过程和主要热解产物的生成路径。     

正丙醇低压热解的实验和模型研究

本文利用同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱技术研究了正丙醇在1.333 kPa和1000～1400 K下的流动反应器热解实验,鉴定了包括自由基、烯醇等活泼物种在内的20余种热解物种,测量了这些热解物种的摩尔分数随热解温度的变化曲线。构建了一个包含142个物种和1149步反应的正丙醇热解反应动力学模型,并利用本文实验结果对模型进行了验证,结果显示本模型对实验结果具有良好的预测性。基于生成速率分析和敏感性分析,揭示了正丙醇分解和关键热解产物生成中的关键路径。并通过与异丙醇低压热解结果的对比,分析了丙醇热解中的燃料同分异构体效应。     

1,3-丁二烯掺混丙炔热解中芳烃生成的协同效应理论研究

A numerical investigation on the co-pyrolysis of 1,3-butadiene and propyne is performed to explore the synergistic effect between fuel components on aromatic hydrocarbon formation.A detailed kinetic model of 1,3-butadiene/propyne co-pyrolysis with the sub-mechanism of aromatic hydrocarbon formation is developed and validated on previous 1,3-butadiene and propyne pyrolysis experiments.The model is able to reproduce both the single component pyrolysis and the co-pyrolysis experiments,as well as the synergistic effect between 1,3-butadiene and propyne on the formation of a series of aromatic hydrocarbons.Based on the rate of production and sensitivity analyses,key reaction pathways in the fuel decomposition and aromatic hydrocarbon formation processes are revealed and insight into the synergistic effect on aromatic hydrocarbon formation is also achieved.The synergistic effect results from the interaction between 1,3-butadiene and propyne.The easily happened chain initiation in the 1,3-butadiene decomposition provides an abundant radical pool for propyne to undergo the H-atom abstraction and produce propargyl radical which plays key roles in the formation of aromatic hydrocarbons.Besides,the 1,3-butadiene/propyne co-pyrolysis includes high concentration levels of C3 and C4 precursors simultaneously,which stimulates the formation of key aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and naphthalene.