量子化电磁场中的非经典电子波包:电子与光子的纠缠

文中研究了量子化电磁场中非经典电子波包的运动。当初始光子态是Fock态时，随着电子和光子所组成系统的演化，初台可分离的电子态和光子态会互相纠缠，而且电子几率密度的时间演化呈非经典的分岔和汇合的现象。基到这些非经典特征，电子可以在光子场中被加速和减速，而系统保持能量守恒。     

平行电磁场中H-光剥离电子轨道分岔现象的研究

当改变能量、位置或场强等参数时,电磁场中里德堡态的原子、分子和离子等体系将出现分岔现象,从而导致波函数在分岔点附近发散,半经典闭合轨道理论不再适用.本文分析并计算了平行电磁场中的H-光剥离电子轨道的分岔现象,并采用统一近似的方法进行定域修正,从而消除了分岔点的奇异性,得到了合理的光剥离电子流的分布.     

Autocorrelation Function of Hydrogen Atoms in Magnetic Fields

The autocorrelation function is an important quantity that can reflect the dynamical properties of the Rydberg wave packet and can be measured in experiments. Applying time-dependent perturbation theory and rotating wave approximation, we derive the autocorrelation function of the double-pulse laser describing the evolution of a Rydberg wave packet of hydrogen atoms in magnetic fields. The resulting expression is written as a sum of the modified Caussian terms. Each Caussian term comes from a parent semiclassical closed orbit. It provides a direct explanation and experimentally controllable measurement scheme, which allows us therefore to recognize the closed orbit and to determine its returning time in high precision.     

软X射线显微术Si_3N_4薄膜窗口的研制

介绍了在软Ｘ－射线显微术研究领域中有重要应用的Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４薄膜窗口的实验室制作方法，并形成一套独特制备工艺，Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４薄膜窗口的研制成功推动了我国软Ｘ射线显微术研究的发展。     

Geometric phase of an open double-quantum-dot system detected by a quantum point contact

We study theoretically the geometric phase of a double-quantum-dot(DQD) system measured by a quantum point contact(QPC) in the pure dephasing and dissipative environments, respectively. The results show that in these two environments, the coupling strength between the quantum dots has an enhanced impact on the geometric phase during a quasiperiod. This is due to the fact that the expansion of the width of the tunneling channel connecting the two quantum dots accelerates the oscillations of the electron between the quantum dots and makes the length of the evolution path longer.In addition, there is a notable near-zero region in the geometric phase because the stronger coupling between the system and the QPC freezes the electron in one quantum dot and the solid angle enclosed by the evolution path is approximately zero,which is associated with the quantum Zeno effect. For the pure dephasing environment, the geometric phase is suppressed as the dephasing rate increases which is caused only by the phase damping of the system. In the dissipative environment,the geometric phase is reduced with the increase of the relaxation rate which results from both the energy dissipation and phase damping of the system. Our results are helpful for using the geometric phase to construct the fault-tolerant quantum devices based on quantum dot systems in quantum information.     

氢里德堡原子在磁场中的双脉冲谱

考虑完全相同的两束激光脉冲与原子相互作用的过程，研究氢里德堡波包在磁场中随时间的演化。结果显示了波包的运动与闭合轨道密切相关。讨论了双脉冲的相位参数以及脉冲宽度对谱的影响。     

半圆和四分之一圆二维弹子球的量子谱分析

采用近来提出的量子谱函数,我们把闭合轨道理论应用到半圆和四分之一圆弹子球系统,这种量子谱函数的傅利叶变换包含了连接任意两点的许多经典轨道的信息.计算表明量子谱的傅立叶变换和经典轨道的长度符合的很好.从这两个体系可以看出半经典理论为经典和量子力学提供了很好的桥梁作用.     

二维椭圆量子台球中的谱分析

研究了二维椭圆台球中的量子谱和经典轨道之间的对应关系.为尝试求解没有解析波函数和本征能量又不能分离变量的体系，采用了定态展开方法(expansion method for stationary states，简称EMSS)得到尽可能精确的数值解，这是闭合轨道理论被推广到计算开轨道的情况.比较了傅里叶变换谱和经典轨道，发现量子谱的峰位置与经典轨道的长度在可分辨的范围内符合得很好，这是半经典理论为经典与量子力学的联系提供桥梁作用的又一个例子. 关键词： 椭圆量子台球 定态展开方法 闭合轨道理论 量子谱     

正方体量子台球的半经典分析(英文)

近几年,量子台球问题引起人们的广泛兴趣.以前有很多对二维量子台球做过研究,相对于二维台球来说,三维台球更接近实际体系.本文以三维正方体量子台球为例,利用半经典闭合轨道理论计算了正方体量子台球中的经典开轨道,并研究量子谱函数与经典轨道长度之间的对应关系,发现他们之间对应的很好.这将有助于我们分析开放型量子台球中输运性质问题.利用这种方法物理图像清晰,计算量小并且可以帮助理解一些混沌体系的性质.这是半经典理论为联系量子力学与经典力学起桥梁作用的又一证明.     

脉冲形状和静电场对电离率和高次谐波的影响

采用数值方法研究静电场和不同的激光脉冲对氢原子的电离率和高次谐波的影响.结果表明脉冲形状和电离率之间有着确定的关系,电离率反过来又影响了谐波谱的性质;另外,随着所加的静电场强度的增大,电离率呈上升的趋势,而谐波谱出现一个双平台的结构.