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1.
Ultrafast time-resolved optical transmissions in purified and as-grown single-walled carbon nanotube films are measured at a temperature of 200K. The signal of the purified sample shows a crossover from photobleaching to photoabsorption. The former and the latter are interpreted as the state filling and the red shift of the π-plasmon, respectively. The signal of the as-grown sample can be perfectly fitted by a single-exponential with a time constant of 232fs. The disappearance of the negative component in the as-grown sample is attributed to the charge transfer between the semiconducting nanotubes and the impurities. 相似文献
2.
Tuning the bandgap in layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs) is crucial for their versatile applications in many fields. The ternary formation is a viable method to tune the bandgap as well as other intrinsic properties of TMDCs, because the multi-elemental characteristics provide additional tunability at the atomic level and advantageously alter the physical properties of TMDCs. Herein, ternary TixZr1-xSe2 single crystals were synthesized using the chem... 相似文献
3.
利用客体插层剂原位插层到二维层状材料, 不仅能够在原子尺度上实现对材料电子结构和本征物理性质的调控, 提高材料的载流子浓度、迁移率、磁学、光学和热学等物理性质, 而且还有望拓展其在光电子器件、能源存储与转化以及光电催化等方面的应用. 近年来, 探索合适的方法制备具有不同类型和功能的二维插层新结构已逐渐成为材料科学、物理、化学等领域的研究热点. 由于独特的电子结构和优异的性能, 二维层状过渡金属氧族化合物材料作为插层主体的插层结构受到了研究人员的广泛关注. 本文选取过渡金属氧族化合物为对象, 综述了不同种类插层剂原位插层合成方法(如碱金属插层、非碱金属原子插层、聚合物插层、有机小分子插层、还原氧化石墨烯插层), 提出了通过系列方法影响层间作用力以及利用晶体各向异性等工艺来实现新型插层结构的原位合成策略, 并展望了新型插层材料在电、磁、光、热、锂电、催化等众多领域的潜在应用前景. 相似文献
4.
<正>催化科学是现代化学工业的核心。在现代化工行业中,有80%以上的产品是借助催化过程生产的。每种新催化剂和新催化工艺的开发成功,都会引起化工、石油和煤炭等重大工业在内的生产工艺的改革,大幅度降低生产成本,并为改善人们生活质量提供一系列新产品和新材料。催化剂构-效关系和催化反应机理是催化科学的关键核心问题,始终是个极具挑战性的研究课题。催化反应本身是一个动态过程,催化剂与气体反应物分子在原子尺 相似文献
5.
基于电催化过程的能源转化与存储器件是实现绿色可持续发展的关键,催化剂局域结构与反应过程的精准探测与解析是其中的关键问题,如何准确实现上述结构探测具有一定挑战性.基于同步辐射大科学装置的表征方法为全面解析催化剂结构与反应过程提供了良好的研究平台,促进了研究人员对催化机理的全面理解.本文立足于本团队的研究结果,针对电催化材料研究的共性科学问题,总结并讨论了基于同步辐射表征方法的电催化材料测量的研究进展和科学机遇.重点综述了同步辐射表征方法的基本原理、同步辐射技术在电催化剂结构、反应过程表征中的应用,总结了用于揭示局域结构-中间物种-催化性能的测量方法.最后,对基于同步辐射的电催化材料测量所面临的挑战和科学机遇进行了展望,希望为相关表征方法和材料设计提供思路. 相似文献
6.
Field emission from single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) nonwoven has been
investigated under high vacuum with different vacuum gaps. A low turn-on
electric field of 1.05\,V/$\mu $m is required to reach an emission current
density of 10 $\mu $A/cm$^{2}$. An emission current density of 10
mA/cm$^{2}$ is obtained at an operating electric field of 1.88\,V/$\mu $m. No
current saturation is found even at an emission current of 5\,mA. With the
vacuum gap increasing from 1 to 10 mm, the turn-on field decreases
monotonically from 1.21 to 0.68\,V/$\mu $m, while the field amplification is
augmented. The good field-emission behaviour is ascribed to the combined
effects of the intrinsic field emission of SWNT and the waved topography of
the nonwoven. 相似文献
7.
相比于传统块体材料, 铂单原子催化剂(Pt SACs)具有接近100%的贵金属利用率、 优异的催化活性和均一的反应位点等优势, 近年来逐渐成为催化研究的前沿之一. 高度分散的Pt原子与载体之间的界面相互作用很大程度上决定了Pt SACs的物理和化学性能. 因此, 建立金属-载体相互作用与性能之间的内在关联机制, 对于单原子催化剂的优化设计至关重要. 得益于同步辐射光源高亮度、 高准直性和宽波谱的优势, X射线吸收谱技术在鉴别单原子催化剂的电子结构和局域配位方面的成果显著. 本文综合评述了Pt SACs X射线吸收谱的研究进展, 重点介绍了Pt与金属氧化物、 金属、 纳米碳和多孔有机框架等载体之间独特的相互作用, 以及其对性能的影响机制, 并对未来同步辐射新技术在Pt SACs的高分辨解析方面的前景进行了展望. 相似文献
8.
Seed-mediated growth of gold nanoparticles using self-assembled monolayer of polystyrene microspheres as nanotemplate arrays
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Arrays of noble metal nanoparticles show potential applications in (bio-)sensing,
optical storage, surface-enhanced spectroscopy, and waveguides. For all such
potential devices, controlling the size, morphology, and interparticle spacing of
the nanoparticles is very important. Here, we combine seed-mediated growth with
nanosphere lithography to study the controllable growth of gold nanoparticles (Au
NPs), in which the self-assembly monolayer of polystyrene (PS) on a silicon surface
is used to guide the modification of alkanesilanes and the subsequent adsorption of
gold seeds; seed-mediated growth is applied to controlling the morphology and size
of Au NPs. The size of adsorption region (determining the number of adsorbed gold
seeds) is controlled by etching PS microspheres with oxygen plasma or annealing PS
microspheres at the glass transition temperature. The size and morphology of the Au
NPs are controlled by changing growth conditions. In such a way, we have achieved
the dual control of the obtained Au NPs. Preliminary results show that this strategy
holds a great promise. This approach can also be extended to a wide range of
materials and substrates. 相似文献
9.
Growth of aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes under ac electric fields through floating catalyst chemical vapour deposition
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Through floating catalyst chemical vapour deposition(CVD) method,well-aligned isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and their bundles were deposited on the metal electrodes patterned on the SiO2/Si surface under ac electric fields at relatively low temperature(280℃). It was indicated that SWCNTs were effectively aligned under ac electric fields after they had just grown in the furnace.The time for a SWCNT to be aligned in the electric field and the effect of gas flow were estimated. Polarized Raman scattering was performed to characterize the aligned structure of SWCNTs. This method would be very useful for the controlled fabrication and preparation of SWCNTs in practical applications. 相似文献
10.
用表面敏感光电子能谱全电子产额模式(TEY)对石墨及含杂质单壁碳纳米管的C 1s X射线吸收谱进行了研究.在高真空里表面退火处理后,石墨C 1s X射线吸收谱中未占据π*和σ*态特征峰之间的小峰消失,证实此峰不是来自于一直被认为的所谓的类自由电子态,而来自于样品表面态,即表面结构扭曲或吸附气体所引起的结构变化.而且π*和σ*峰强度有明显的变化,提示着在研究不同纳米管未占据态的态密度对比研究中,原位温度处理是关键的.我们通过对含杂质不同单壁碳纳米管的态密度对比研究来说明这种处理过程的必要性. 相似文献