Effect of relaxation rate on population distribution, EIT and refraction in Λ and V systems

In the three-level Λ-type and V-type systems, we find that the same pump-effect parameter R\left(=\dfrac{2|V_{c}|^{2}γ}{(ω_{ac}-ω_{c})^{2}+γ^{2}}\right) determines the population distributions, while the probe field leads to population fluctuations near the absorption peaks. With the increasing of the relaxation rate γ, the population distributions are shifted and their fluctuation amplitudes decrease. At the same time the electromagnetically induced transparency window becomes a broadened absorption peak, and the dispersion at the zero probe detuning changes from positive to negative. Large population fluctuation and non-fluctuation observed in different systems are attributed to the different relaxation rates.     

Coherent Hole-burning, Mollow Absorption Effect, and Four-wave Mixing in Cycling Transition Fe=0(←→)Fg=1 Subject to a Magnetic Field

We investigate the quantum coherence effects of a cycling transition Fe=0(←→)Fg=1, which is saturated and probed by the circular polarized fields, and is subject to a linearly polarized field and a magnetic field.Saturation field is applied in the case of the maximum coherence between the drive Rabi frequency and magnetic field, corresponding to the electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) with negative dispersion found by Gu et al.In a small saturation Rabi frequency, the holes are burned in two Autler-Towns peaks outside two symmetric electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows due to the two-photon resonance.When the saturation Rabi frequency is comparable with the drive Rabi frequency, the holes caused by the coherent population oscillation appear in the EIA spectrum.Continuing to increase the saturation Rabi frequency, we observe several emission peaks due to the Mollow absorption effects.Simultaneously, four-wave mixing (FWM) effects in this process are discussed.In the picture of dressed states, we explain the multi-peaks of quantum efficiency of FWM in terms of the multi-photon resonance conditions.We also find a good agreement between the absorption peaks and the FMW peaks.Finally, whenever EIA, EIT, or Mollow absorption happens, the dispersion at the pump-probe detuning center is kept to be negative with increasing the saturation Rabi frequency.It means that this point is suitable to perform the superluminal light propagation experiments.